Learn: BIO unit 1

Polarity

When a molecule has an uneven distribution of electrical charge.

Polar Molecule

A molecule with a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end.

Polar covalent bond

A covalent bond where electrons are shared unequally between atoms.

Hydrogen bond

An attraction between the slightly positive hydrogen of one water molecule and the slightly negative oxygen of another.

intermolecular force

An attraction between molecules.

Cohesion

The attraction between water molecules, causing them to stick together.

Adhesion

The attraction between water molecules and molecules of other polar substances.

Capillary action

The movement of water through narrow spaces due to the combined effects of adhesion and cohesion.

Solvent

A substance that dissolves other substances, allowing them to remain in solution.

Hydrophilic

Describes a substance that is attracted to water, generally because it is polar and can form hydrogen bonds with water.

Hydrophobic

Describes a substance that is not attracted to water, generally because it is non-polar and does not dissolve in water.

Buoyancy

The upward force exerted by a fluid on an object, which depends on the density of the fluid.

Density

The amount of mass contained within a given volume of a substance.

Viscosity

A measure of a fluid's resistance to flow.

Thermal conductivity

The ability of a substance to transfer heat.

Specific heat

The amount of energy required to increase the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1°C.