Motivation

Motivation and Occupation

Motivation provide the energy to explore, engage in, and sustain participation in meaningful occupations. It’s vital.

• It can facilitate or restrict occupational participation

• It develops through person-environment interaction

• It supports self-determination and occupational
  fulfillment

Extrinsic Motivation

Behavior is influenced by external rewards or consequences; operant conditioning may hinder intrinsic motivation and self-determination

Intrinsic Motivation

Personal drive supports exploration, competence, satisfaction, and participation through one’s own actions

MOHO Volitional Process

→ Anticipating (Past occupational experiences shape expectations about future participation) → Choosing (Expectations inform subsequent occupational and activity choices) → Experience (Within MOHO, participation makes feelings of pleasure, meaning, and personal capacity) → Interpreting (People reflect on their competence, enjoyment, and meaning during participation of the occupation) → (Repeat)

MOHO Dimensions of Volition: Personal Causation

In MOHO perceptions of personal capacity and efficacy influence occupational choice and participation

MOHO Dimensions of Volition: Values

Personal convictions about what matters give occupations meaning and guide priorities

MOHO Dimensions of Volition: Interests

Enjoyment and pleasure influence which occupations people perfer and pursue.

Volition-Focused Interventions: Exploration

Create a safe, supportive context for discovering occupational possibilities. Begin with opportunities to experience pleasure, interest, belonging, and personal worth through meaningful occupation

Volition-Focused Interventions: Competence

Provide achievable challenges and opportunities to practice meaningful occupations with appropriate support and authentic feedback. Grade the expectations, choices, and responsibility as the client feels more confidence in their occupational abilities.

Volition-Focused Interventions: Achievement

Support increased ownership of occupational choices, gaols, responsibilities, and participation. Encourage persistence to meaningful goals while decreasing external support as the client gets more volitional capacity

Volition-Focused Interventions: Across All Phases

Grade encouragement, choices, environmental, demands, assistance, and feedback according to current volitional capacity. Engage family, peers, staff, and other meaningful supports when the social environment can strengthen autonomy, belonging, self-efficacy & participation.

Motivation: Clinical Application - Anxiety & Trauma

Fear and avoidance can make trying meaningful activities more difficult.

Motivation: Clinical Application - Psychotic Disorders

Low motivation can affect starting activities and maintaining daily routines

Motivation: Clinical Application - Substance-Related Disorders

Substance use may interfere with personal goals and meaningful occupations

Motivation: Clinical Application - Acquired Physical Disability

Changing abilities and confidence can impact motivation during the rehabilitation process.

Motivation: Clinical Application - Chronic Health Conditions

Ongoing symptoms and fatigue can make staying motivated more challenging.