Jacksonian Democracy (Andrew Jackson)

Cherokee Indians

- Native Americans residing in the Southeast

- a "civilized" nation with a written constitution

-refused to give up their land

Indian Removal Act

1830-Required Native Americans to adopt Western ways or forced to move out west; proposed by Andrew Jackson

Jacksonian Democracy

Ended property qualifications to vote; the "spoils system"; created new form of campaigning-broader inclusion of the "common man"

Andrew Jackson

7th President, Hero of the war of 1812, President from 1829-1837, supported by "common man", proposed Indian Removal Act

Trail of Tears

Forced removal of Cherokee from Southeast U.S.; 1000s died from cold, starvation & disease on 800 mile journey

Worcester vs.

Georgia

Case filed on behalf of Cherokees in response to Indian Removal Act: John Marshall ruled in their favor; they were still forced out

State's Rights

Southerners argued that federal government was denying the rights given to state in the Constitution

Tariff

A tax imposed on imports in and out of a country, Southerners hated it because it hurt their economy

Nullification Crisis

Sectional crisis during Jackson's presidency;

Idea that South Carolina refused to pay the protective tariffs and threatened to secede from the Union

Election of 1828

- Political parties split into Democrats and Republicans

- Andrew Jackson won election in a landslide victory

- "Common Man" era

Election of 1824

- Andrew Jackson lost the Presidential election

- no candidate won the majority electoral college vote

- House of Representatives elected John Quincy Adams

- "Corrupt Bargain"

Secede

To break away or leave

Spoils System

Practice of handing out government jobs to supporters

2nd Bank of the US

- Favored the rich over the Common Man

- Nicholas Biddle was its President

- Issued money and controlled nation's money supply

-Jackson thought it was unconstitutional and favored the rich over the common man

Indian Territory

An area in present-day Oklahoma that was set aside for the relocation of Native Americans

Battle of New Orleans

Battle in the War of 1812; Jackson defeats the British; becomes hero

5 Civilized Tribes

Native American tribes who had adopted American ways--Cherokee, Creek, Chocktaw, Chickasaw, Seminole

"corrupt bargain"

deal between Clay and Adams in the 1824 election that ended up guaranteeing the 1824 election for Adams

"common man"

average American, white settlers who did not own land

Nullify

void, cancel out

John Quincy Adams

6th president, son of John Adams, lost his re-election to Andrew Jackson

mudslinging

personal insults between political candidates

Panic of 1837

economic depression caused by the money lending practices of state banks - Jackson causes it with his pet banks

South Carolina

the state that claimed the tariff was null and void, also threatened to secede from the union

Democratic Party

favored the laborers, farmers and "common man" (average American)

Whigs

political party, formed to oppose Jacksonian Democracy

veto

to reject or say NO

"Old Hickory"

Andrew Jackson's nickname because he was as tough as hickory wood