MSIS 2103 Exam 2 (Bradford Cary)

What is Ethics?

the set of principles about what is right and wrong that individuals use to make choices to guise their decisions

What are Morals?

principles or standards of right and wrong behavior that govern an individual's or society's briefs, values, and actions

What is the mnemonic member aid to remember the difference between ethics and morals?

Morals are for Me; Ethics are for Everyone

What are Laws?

rules that tells us what we may and may not do

Which term describes the set of principles about what is right and wrong that individuals use to make choices to guide their decisions?

Ethics

What term describes a system of rules that tells us what we can and cannot do?

Laws

What is the Professional Code of Ethics?

states that principles and core values that an organization wants to develop in its leaders and members

What Benefits can the Professional Code of Ethics Provide?

- Improve ethical decision making

- Set high standards of practice and ethical behavior

- Engender trust and respect from the general public

- Provide an evaluation benchmark

What are Fair Information Practices?

guidelines the govern the collected and use of personal date

What is General Date Protection Regulation (GDPR)?

a data privacy and protection framework that applies to all companies that process the personal data of EU citizens

What is the Fair Credit Reporting Act (FCRA)? (Financial Data)

how credit agency's store your data, who they can give it to

What is the Right to Financial Privacy Act (RFPA)? (Financial Data)

the federal government can't snoop on your bank account unless under 2 conditions, warrant, or the bank says there is weird traffic going through your account (money laundering)

What is the Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act (FACTA)? (Financial Data)

once a year you can go to creditreport.con and get your full credit report, if you see something wrong you can say it

What is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)? (Health Information)

transition to electronic medical records, reduce prescription fraud

What is the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA)? (Children's Personal Data)

says that until you 18 your parents have access to you information

What is the Children's Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA) (Children's Personal Data)

can't sell data of people under the age of 13, or parents must approve access

What is the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA)?

federal intelligence agencies can submit requests for warrants

What is the US PATRIOT ACT?

one effect of this law is the expanded use of National Security Letters (NSL)

- allows federal investigation agency to issue an order to provide information as directed in the specific NSL

What is the Communications Decency Act (CDA)?

aimed at protecting children from pornography

- Parts of the CDA were declared unconstitutional due to broad and vague language

What is Internet Filter?

software that can be used to block access to websites that contain material deemed inappropriate or offensive

What is the Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA)?

requires federally funded schools and libraries to use some form of technological protection to block computer access to absence material, pornography, and anything deemed harmful to minors

The set of principles about what is right and wrong that individuals use to make choices to guide their decisions is called ________.

Ethics

The legal concept that an individual has a legitimate expectation that their personal information, communications, or activities will remain private and secure from unwarranted intrusion or surveillance by others, including the government, is called _____.

Reasonable expectation of privacy

Systems that perform reliably and efficiently, meet their users' needs, maintain high security, are easily maintainable and extensible, handle increasing workloads, and are compliant with appropriate laws and regulations have what name?

High-quality information systems

The process of building software for safety-critical systems takes much longer and is much more expensive because _______________.

Extreme measures must be taken to identify and remove defects starting at the very earliest stages of software development

A collection of attributes about a specific entity is a _______________.

Record

A person, place, or thing (object) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained is called a(n) _____.

Entity

A(n) ___________ is something that a firm can do well, that provides customer benefits, is hard for competitors to imitate, and can be leveraged widely to many products and markets.

Core competency

_________ is adding features and functionality without addressing the effects on schedule, costs, and resources or without stakeholder approval.

Scope creep

The triple constraint is comprised of which three components?

Scope, schedule, and cost management

What are the five highly interrelated parameters of a project?

Cost, schedule, quality, user requirements, and scope

Extracting the most value and presenting analysis results in an easy-to-understand manner for stakeholders are the goals of ______________.

Business intelligence

A large database that holds business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers, is known as a _____________.

Data warehouse

A database that enables hundreds or even thousands of servers to operate on the data, providing faster response times for queries and updates, is known as a ____________ database.

NoSQL

What is a Safety-critical system?

one whose failure may cause human injury or death

What is Date management?

an integrated set of functions that defines the processes by which data is obtained, certified fit for use, stored, secured, and processed

- Ensures accessibility, reliability, and timeliness of data meets the needs of the data user in the organization

What is Date governance?

defines the roles, responsibilities, and processes for ensuring that data can be trusted and used by the organization

- Effective data governance requires business leadership and active participation

What is an Entity?

a person, place, or thing (object) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained

Ex: employee

What is an Attribute?

a characteristic of an entity

Ex: employee number, last name, first name, hire date

What is a Primary Key?

a field or set of fields that uniquely identifies the record in a database table

What is a Foreign Key?

a field in one table that refers to the primary key in another table

What is a Field?

a single attribute about an entity

What is a Record?

a collection of fields about a specific entity

What is Structured Query Language (SQL)?

a special-purpose programming language for accessing and manipulating data stored in a database

What is Data Query Language (DQL)?

users can use it to select data from a table in the database

What is Selecting do?

improves eliminating rows according to certain criteria

What is Projecting?

involves eliminating columns in a table

What is Joining?

involves connecting 2 or more tables through one or more common fields

What is a Project?

temporary endeavor to create a unique product

What are Operations?

routine day-to-day activities performed by a business to fulfill its mission and vision

What is Core contemporary?

something that a firm can do well and that provides customer benefits and is hard for competitors to imitate

What is Project management?

the application of knowledge, skills, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements

Who are Project stakeholders?

people involved in the project or those affected by its outcome

What are the ten areas are associated with the science of project management?

- Integration

- Scope

- Schedule

- Cost

- Quality

- Resource

- Communications

- Risk

- Procurement

- Stakeholders

What is a Project Scope?

includes all the tasks necessary to complete the project

What is Scope Management?

includes defining the work that must be done as part of the project and then controlling the work to stay within the agreed-upon scope

What is Scope Creep?

adding features and functionality without addressing the effects on schedule, costs, and resources

What does Project schedule do?

identifies the project activities that must be completed, the expected start and end data, and what resources are assigned to each task

What is Project Deadline?

the date the entire project should be completed and operational

What is the Critical Path?

consists of the set of project activities that, if delayed, would delay the entire project

What is the Gantt Chart?

a graphical tool used for planning, monitoring, and coordinating projects

What is Quality Management?

a set of activities designed to ensure that a project will meet the needs for which it was undertaken and involves the following

What is Quality Planning?

determines which quality standards is relevant to the project

What is Quality Assurance?

evaluates the process of the project on an ongoing basis to ensure that it meets the identified quality standards

What is Quality Control?

checks project results to ensure that they meet identified standards

What is Project Resource Management?

a set of activities designed to identify, acquire, and manage resources or a project

What is Forming-storming-norming-preforming-adjourning-model?

a useful model to describe how teams develop and evolve

What is Project Risk?

an uncertain event or condition that, if it occurs, have a positive or a negative effect on a project objective

What is Risk Management?

a deliberate and systematic process of rick management to identify, analyze, and manage project risks

What is Risk Owner?

responsible for developing a risk management strategy and monitoring the project to determine if the risk is about to occur or has occurred

A trial-and-error method of problem solving used in an algorithmic or mathematical approach is called _______________.

Reinforced learning

The ability to learn without being programmed is known as _______________.

Machine learning

Which of the following infers answers from hidden functions?

Unsupervised learning

_______________ handle work that is hard on a person and could cause repetitive injuries.

SCARA robots

_______________ function like an arm, with rotary joints that can move up and down and also twist.

Articulated robots

What is Business Intelligence (BI)?

includes a wide range of applications, practices, and technologies for the extraction, transformation, integration, organization, analysis, visualization, and interpretation of data to support improved decision making

What is Big Data?

term used to describe data collection that are so enormous and complex that traditional data management software, hardware, and analysis processes are incapable of dealing with them

What is Analytics?

the use of data and quantitative analysis to support fact-based decision-making withing organizations

What is Volume?

the quantity of data generated and stores

What is Velocity?

the rate at which new data is being generated

What is Variety?

data comes in a variety of formats

What is Veracity?

a measure of the quality of the data

Which term describes the quality of data, determining if the data is sufficiently accurate, complete, and current?

Veracity

What is a Data Warehouse?

a large database that holds business information from many sources in the enterprise

- Covers all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers

- Can help managers and executives relate information in innovative ways to make better decisions

What is a Data Mark?

a subset of a data warehouse

- Used by small and medium-sized businesses and departments within large companies

- They contain a sublet of the data for a single aspect of a business

What is a Data Lake?

takes a "store everything" approach to big data

- It saves all data in its raw and unaltered form

- Data is available when users decide how they want to use the data

- Its contents can include transactions, clickstream data, social media, and more

What are the Uses of Big Data?

- Operations and planning

- Decision making

What are the Challenges of Big Data?

- Storage, processing, analysis

- Numerous sources can increase the risk of failure to comply with government regulations or internal control

- Privacy concerns harvesting huge amount of personal data

- Possibility of liability lawsuits

Which term describes a large database that holds business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company's processes, products, and customers?

Data warehouse

What does a NoSQL Database do?

stores data in a non-relational data model

- Spread data over multiple servers so that each server contains only subset of the total data

- They do not require a predefined schema

What are the 4 categories of NoSQL databases?

Key value, document, graph, column

What is a Key Value? (NoSQL database)

has only 2 columns

What is a Document? (NoSQL database)

used to store, retrieve, and manage document-oriented information

What is a Graph? (NoSQL database)

used to understand relationships among events, people, transaction, locations, and sensor readings

What is a Column? (NoSQL database)

stores data in columns rather than rows

Which term describes an entity that can store and retrieve data that is modeled using some means other than the simple two-dimensional tabular relations used in relational databases?

NoSQL database

What is a Hodoop?

open-source software that includes several software modules for storing and processing extremely large data sets

- Divides the date into subsets and distributes it onto different servers for processing

- The data-processing software is on the same servers where data is stores, speeding up date retrieval

* This creates a highly redundant computing environment

What is Machine Learning (ML)?

the ability of a computer to learn without being explicitly programmed

- A computer can learn without having a programmer change its software for every scenario it encounters

What is Supervised Learning?

is like a child learning a new game with unfamiliar rules

- It begins with a known set of data in a training environment

- After the data is provided, examples are entered into the system, and the machine funs through different scenarios

What is Unsupervised Learning?

is also like a child learning a new game, but with no written rules

- It requires a training data set, where the data is not labeled and the machine must learn from observing to infer the correct answer

- The goal is for the machine to train itself to learn from the input and be in a mode of continuous improvement