Spiers Midterm

0.0(0)
Studied by 0 people
call kaiCall Kai
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
GameKnowt Play
Card Sorting

1/190

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no tags are added yet.

Last updated 11:56 PM on 9/8/26
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced
Call with Kai
Chat

No analytics yet

Send a link to your students to track their progress

191 Terms

1
New cards

Who led the first successful circumnavigation of the globe

Ferdinand Magellan

2
New cards

Which person explored the present day Southwestern United States for Spain

Francisco Coronado

3
New cards

What was the first European nation to establish a settlement where present day New York City is located?

Netherlands

4
New cards

Which European nation allowed their colonies to have representative government?

England

5
New cards

What is a joint-stock company?

Means of sharing the risk of company ownership

6
New cards

Encomienda System

Forced labor and conversion to Christianity of Native Americans

7
New cards

Jacques Cartier

Claimed Eastern Canada for France

8
New cards

Atahualpa

ruler of Inca Empire

9
New cards

Hernan Cortes and Francisco Pizzaro

Spanish conquistadors

10
New cards

Montezuma

Ruler of Aztec Empire

11
New cards

Carthographer

Mapmaker

12
New cards

Dutch

Dominant power in Spice Islands (part of present day Indonesia)

13
New cards

Bartholomew Dias

Discovered Cape of Good Hope

14
New cards

Vasco da Gama

Sailed from Portugal to India

15
New cards

Middle Passage

High rate of death due to horrendous conditions and treatment of African slaves

16
New cards

What title was given to the leader of the Ottoman Empire?

Sultan

17
New cards

Who were the elite corps of officers in the Ottoman Empire that came from the Balkans and were converted to Islam from Christianity?

Janissaries

18
New cards

What is the main difference between Sunni and Shiite Islam?

Shiite: leaders descended from line of Ali, Sunni: leaders elected

19
New cards

Which Asian empire practiced Shiite Islam?

Persia

20
New cards

Which Mogul ruler promoted religious tolerance between Muslims and Hindus?

Akbar the Great

21
New cards

Zheng He was a famous sea trader for which ocuntry?

China

22
New cards

Which shogunate family ruled Japan for 265 years?

Tokugawa

23
New cards

Who were Japan's secret police during the Tokugawa Shogunate?

Metsuke

24
New cards

Which country in Southeast Asia avoided European colonization?

Thailand

25
New cards

What is the belief that both living and nonliving things have spirits or souls?

Animism

26
New cards

Shari'ah

Islamic Law

27
New cards

Grand Vizier

Prime Minister and head of Ottoman bureaucracy

28
New cards

Babur

Established Mongul dynasty

29
New cards

Ulema

Religious advisers

30
New cards

Millets

Communities where people could practice their own religious faith

31
New cards

Shogun

Military ruler of Japan

32
New cards

Shah Abbas

Allies with the English

33
New cards

Edo

Present day Tokyo

34
New cards

Nader Shah

Expands Persian Empire in 1700s

35
New cards

Aurangzeb

Persecuted Hindus and Sikhs, weakens Mogul Empire

36
New cards

List in order the three present day countries that the Ottoman Empire, Safavid Persia, and the Mongul Empire were established in.

1. Turkey
2. Iran
3. India

37
New cards

List the four Japanese social classes from top to bottom that existed during the Tokugawa Shogunate.

1. Samuri
2. Farmers
3. Artisans
4. Merchants

38
New cards

List one present day country that France, Netherlands, Britain, and Spain colonized in Southeast Asia. You should have four answers.

France: Vietnam
Netherlands: Indoneisa
Britain: Mynammar
Spain: Philopense

39
New cards

What is the form of government where monarchs have unlimited power and are free from constitutional restraint?

Absolutism

40
New cards

What is the political idea that monarchs receive their power from God, are only responsible to God, and their power cannot be questioned by man?

Divine right

41
New cards

Why were the English monarchs not as powerful as in France or Spain?

Both A and B ( English courts and English Parliament)

42
New cards

Who was the first Tudor monarch?

Henry VII

43
New cards

What is the system in which each nation helps to keep peace and order by maintaining power that is equal to or in balance with other nations?

Balance of power

44
New cards

Which edict gave French Huguenots the right to worship in Protestant majority areas and the same civil rights as Catholics?

Edict of Nantes

45
New cards

Which one of the following was NOT a result of the War of Spanish Succession?

France and Spain were united under one king

46
New cards

This royal decree was an agreement for European rulers not to break up Hapsburg lands if a woman inherited the throne?

Pragmatic Sanction

47
New cards

Which ruler strengthened Austria by removing internal trade barriers, reorganized the bureaucracy, improving tax collection, and building more roads?

Maria Theresa

48
New cards

Which one of the following was a result of the War of Austrian Succession?

None of the above

49
New cards

Which one of the following was NOT a result of the Seven Years War?

Prussia gained islands in the West Indies

50
New cards

What is the Seven Years War called in North America? It was part of the larger conflict.

French and Indian War

51
New cards

Which Russian czar gained control over the Boyars, created the oprichniki, increased trade with Western Europe, and expanded Russian territory?

Ivan the Terrible

52
New cards

Which Russian ruler expanded territory, won a warm water port on the Black Sea, and worsened peasant conditions?

Catherine the Great

53
New cards

The French Catholics helped the Protestant side against the Hapsburg Catholics during the Thirty Year War.

True

54
New cards

Marranos

Jews who converted to Christianity

55
New cards

Moriscos

Muslims who converted to Christianity

56
New cards

Gentry

English lesser nobles

57
New cards

Yeomen

English farmers with small landholdings, lowest social rank

58
New cards

Intendants

A Non-noble agents of the French Crown with local government authority

59
New cards

Frederick William "Great Elector"

Increased Prussia's strength by setting up full time army

60
New cards

Peace of Westphalia

Ended Thirty Years War and recognized Calvinism

61
New cards

Junkers

Prussian nobles

62
New cards

Boyars

Russian nobles

63
New cards

Serfs

Russian peasants

64
New cards

Name one example of balance of power.

U.S. and Japan combined power against China.

65
New cards

List one cause and one effect of the Thirty Years War.

Cause: Tension between Catholics and Puritans
Effect: Weakening of the Holy Roman Empire

66
New cards

List three reasons why the Spanish Empire declined.

1. Defeat of Spanish Armada
2. Overtaxed Middle class
3. Kicking out of the Jews and Muslims

67
New cards

List three changes that Peter the Great made to Russia during his reign.

1. Westernized Russia
2. Forced men to shave there beards
3. Forced women to go to parties

68
New cards

Galileo disproved which theory about the universe?

Geocentric

69
New cards

The agreement by which people created a government was called:

Social Contract

70
New cards

Who thought that people were naturally selfish and should agree to a social contract to live under authoritarian rule?

Hobbes

71
New cards

Who thought that people had natural rights and that the power of government should be limited?

Locke

72
New cards

Which philosopher believed in religious liberty, free speech, and freedom of the press?

Voltaire

73
New cards

Pacifism

Opposition to violence

74
New cards

Copernicus

Heliocentric theory

75
New cards

Bacon

Scientific method

76
New cards

Newton

Gravity and calculus

77
New cards

Harvey

Circulatory system

78
New cards

Hooke

Cells

79
New cards

Priestley

Oxygen

80
New cards

Montesquieu

Separation of Powers

81
New cards

Rousseau

Will of the majority

82
New cards

Wollstonecraft

Fought for women's rights

83
New cards

What is the difference between heliocentric and geocentric theory?

Heliocentric means that the Sun is the center of the Galaxy

Geocentric means the Earth is the center of the Galaxy

84
New cards

List the steps of the scientific method.

1. observation
2. hypothesis
3. experiment
4. Conclusion

85
New cards

What is deism?

belief that there is one god but they do not care or interfere with human lives.

86
New cards

What does enlightened despots mean?

When a ruler follows Englighted philosophy (to some extent). (Example being Maria Thersa or Jhosep II)

87
New cards

List at least three new religious movements during this time period other than deism.

Methodism
Hadism
Theism

88
New cards

What did the Clarendon Code do?

Reestablished Anglican Church in England

89
New cards

Which US document was influenced by the English Bill of Rights?

US Bill of Rights

90
New cards

Why did the Articles of Confederation fail?

None of the above

91
New cards

Which principle states that a person cannot be imprisoned without just cause or trial?

Habeas corpus

92
New cards

Cavaliers

Supported Charles I

93
New cards

Roundheads

Supported by Parliament and Puritans, led by Cromwell

94
New cards

Commonwealth

State ruled by elected representatives

95
New cards

Restoration

Charles II restored to English throne in 1660

96
New cards

Constitutional monarchy

Monarchs powers limited by a Constitution

97
New cards

Whigs

Wanted Catholics excluded from English throne

98
New cards

Tories

Supported hereditary succession to the English throne

99
New cards

Act of Union

United Scotland and England as Great Britain in 1707

100
New cards

Confederation

Loose union of independent states