Occupational Hazards/ Fire safety

Excessive exposure to radiation can cause:

Many types of cancer; cataracts; spontaneous abortion

Radiation exposure of the staff is monitored with:

Film badges/ dosimeter

Ionizing radiation protection is afforded by the use of:

Lead

Direct coupling occurs when:

The tip of the active electrode comes in contact with another instrument or conductor causing a burn

An OR hazard that has been linked to increased risk of spontaneous abortion in female OR employees is exposure to:

Waste anesthetic gas

While using this mixture, a scavenging system is used to collect and exhaust or absorb its vapors. It is called:

Methyl methacrylate

The best measure for staff protection against HIV is:

Handling all needles and sharps carefully; using barriers to avoid direct contact with blood and bodily fluids

Precautions and guidelines for lasers include all EXCEPT:

Instructions for laser use should be posted on every machine so that new unexperienced staff has guidelines to follow and prevent injuries

How is inhalation of the laser plume best prevented?

Mechanical smoke evacuator on field

What components are required for a fire and are found in what OR setting?

O2; Fuel; Source of ignition

Fuel sources found at the surgical site include:

dry sponges and drapes; endotracheal tube; prep solvents

STSR should _______ to prevent buildup of heat created by friction.

Irrigate the active tip

A hospital fire plan is based on four immediate actions remembered by the acronym:

RACE

To activate a fire extinguisher, what is the correct order of the following:

Pull, aim, squeeze, sweep

The preferred type of fire extinguisher used for OR fires is:

CO2

When a MRI scanner is used, the primary risk to the patient is the presence of:

Metal

When using the laser, in order to prevent damage to adjacent tissue, a backstop is needed. You can use:

Titanium or quartz rods; wet sponges

Another name for a “no hands” technique is:

Neutral zone

Sources of latex include:

Wound drain, catheters, pneumatic tourniquet

Chemical hazards include:

Formaldehyde; Cidex; ETO

Which of the following is used to extinguish a class A fire?

Water

Natural disasters include:

Avalanche; rockslide; winter storm

A condition caused by exposure to extreme heat that causes physical weakness, collapse, nausea, and muscle cramps is termed

Heat exhaustion

A Richter scale measures:

How powerful an earthquake is:

All apply to a dirty bomb EXCEPT:

Has nuclear fallout

Bioterrorism uses biological agents to cause harm to humans and the environment. These agents include:

Anthrax; Botulism; Ebola

Which decontamination process requires the use of sodium hypochlorite?

Chemical decontamination

How many feet away from the disaster is the “warm zone”?

300 ft

A triage patient wearing a black tag designates that they are in which category?

Expectant

The so-called “golden hour” refers to:

Mandatory treatment within 1 hour

Laser media includes:

Gas; solids; liquids

An argon laser:

All of the above pertain to the argon laser

All pertain to the CO2 laser EXCEPT:

It has a blue-green beam visible to the human eye

The Nd:YAG laser:

All of the above

All are safety measures when using the grounding pad/ dispersive electrode/ return electrode/inactive electrode/ neutral electrode:

Apply the pad prior to final positioning

Potential risks when performing CPR include:

All of the above

During a code in the OR, the STSR’s main responsibility is to:

Maintain a sterile field

MH is a life threatening acute disorder that can develop during or after anesthesia has been given. A common medication known to induce an MH crisis is/are:

All of the above

DIC may be stimulated by which of the following?

Severe tissue trauma; severe liver disease; obstetric complications

The term “all hazards preparation” refers to:

Generalized training and emergency preparation for all disaster situations

All are effects of an earthquake EXCEPT:

Hurricane

Natural disasters can contribute to infectious diseases and produce epidemic and pandemic events as a result of:

displaced groups of people; poor sanitation; compromised health care

A pandemic includes all EXCEPT:

it is a localized infectious disease affecting a specific population

Which of the following tags indicated the least critical of patients in a triage situation?

Green

Which persons are NOT designated first responders to an immediate response to an all hazards event?

Health care responders