M4 Set C (April 2024) ⭐☘️

Cockcroft and Gaults equation

Which of the ff equations is used to compute for the patient's creatinine clearance?

non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus patients

Sulfonylureas is the primary mode of therapy in the treatment:

Non-ionized, Lipid soluble

Which of the ff forms of a drug are favorably absorbed?

First

What is the order of the reaction if concentration of a drug is decreasing at a rate that is proportional to the concentration of the drug remaining?

Simvastatin

Which of the ff is also known as the “growth hormone inhibiting hormone”? Its

therapeutic use is targeted on blocking hormone release in endocrine-secreting tumors:

Naloxone

Which of the ff is teh antidote for opioid poisoning?

tachycardia

The ff are signs and symptoms of Organophosphates poisoning EXCEPT:

Antiviral, antibacterial

Which of the ff drugs is/are antimicrobial agents?

The elimination of renally cleared drugs is increased

The ff are TRUE regarding patients with renal impairment, EXCEPT:

decreased bioavailability of the drug

Note: High pH → poor dissolution → poor absorption → ↓ bioavailability

Decreased oral absorption of a drug due to high stomach pH would result to:

Intestinal motility

Hepatic first-pass effect

Absorption after oral dosing

Which of the ff are factors affecting the systemic availability of a drug?

therapeutically active drug ingredients

salt or ester

dosage form and strength

Pharmaceutical equivalent drug products must have the same:

Acetylcholine

Which of the ff neurotransmitters will be increased by Rivastigmine in the CNS synapses?

chemical antagonism

Which of the ff describes the action of protamine against heparin:

They have antiepileptic effects they both have low therapeutic indices

Which of the ff are TRUE regarding the similarities of phenytoin and phenobarbital?

20 L

200/10

Compute the volume of distribution of the drug (in L) if the patient received a single

intravenous dose of 200mg of a drug substance that produced an immediate blood

concentration of 10mcg/mL.

Anticonvulsant

Gabapentin is used for what indication?

Increased protein binding, resulting in a greater free fraction of the drug

In neonates where there is a relative decrease in serum proteins, which of the ff will be true if a highly protein bound drug is administered to these group of patients?

more polar, more water-soluble

Drug metabolism happens in most cases, to convert the drug to a compound that is:

Naproxen, Ketoprofen

Which of the ff drugs should a patient avoid if he has previously experienced an

allergic-type of reaction to aspirin?

Doxorubicin

Which of the ff is known to cause chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity?

Vit. B12

What vitamin can be used to treat cyanide poisoning?

Decreases as volume of distribution increases, increases as clearance increases

Which of the ff are true for half-life?

Zero-order elimination

Which of the ff refers to the process that distinguishes the elimination of ethanol from the elimination of most other drugs?

Fluticasone and Budesonide

Which of the ff are inhaled corticosteroids?

Weak acid may diffuse into breast milk and remain unionized, Weak base may diffuse in breast milk and ionize.

Human milk is more acidic than plasma. Which of the ff statements are true given this

condition?

Attapulgite, Diphenoxylate

Which of the ff agents used in the treatment of diarrhea is/are opioid derivatives/s?

Naloxone

Which of the ff can reverse the action of heroin?

Solution

Which if the ff dosage forms would be absorbed the fastest in the GI tract?

MAO antidepressants

Which of the ff drugs can cause “serotoninergic syndrome” in patients already with an

overdose of tricyclic antidepressants?

Acetylation

Isoniazid undergoes what type of conjugation reaction?

high molecular weight drugs diffuse across a cell membrane more easily than low weight drugs

All of the ff statements regarding drug transport are true EXCEPT

Hyperglycemia

Which of the ff is the main adverse effect of Insulin?

Extravasation

Which of the ff is the main physical hazard when administering parenteral drugs with

vesicant properties?

Headache with nitrates

Lupus-like syndrome with hydralazine

Which of the ff pairings of an unwanted effect and the causative drug are true?

Decrease in peristalsis

Note:

Sympathetic = “Fight or Flight” → gut slows down
→ ↓ peristalsis
→ ↓ GI secretions

Parasympathetic = “Rest & Digest” → ↑ peristalsis.

Which of the ff is true regarding the effect of adrenergic agonist on peristalsis?

Antispastic

Which of the ff is the action of Dantrolene?

Decrease in heart rate

The ff are effects of Atropine EXCEPT:

Ibuprofen

Which of the ff NSAIDs have the SHORTEST half-life?

Phenylpropanolamine

Which of the ff ingredients of cough and cold preparation is classified as decongestant?

concentration of the drug at the receptor site

The intensity of the pharmacologic action of the drug is MOST dependent on:

25

What percent of the drug is removed per hour if the elimination rate constant is 0.25/hr?

Mimicry the neurotransmitter at the postsynaptic receptor

What is the mechanism of action of sympathomimetic drugs?