Amines, amides, amino acids and chirality
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10 Terms
What is an amine
An NH2 bonded to a alkyl group
What is an amide
An NH2 bonded to a carbonyl group
How do you name amines
primary= -ylamine and middle of branch = x-amino-x
Secondary and tertiary = N before naming
How do amines act as weak bases
It is a proton acceptor and N has a lone pair which can be donated when accepting a proton
How does it act as a Brønsted Lowry base
The amine forms a dative bond with the proton forming an -ammonium ion
How do amines act as bases with dilute organic acids
Forms an ammonium salt and an anion
How can amines be formed from haloalkanes
Adding ammonia to a haloalkane forms an amide and an ammonium salt
CH3CH2Cl + 2NH3 → CH3CH2NH2 + NH4Cl
How are nitriles formed from haloalkanes
CH3CH2Br + KCN → CH3CH2CN + KBr
How are amines formed from nitriles
Reduction of nitriles to form an amine
CH3CH2CN + 2H2 → CH3CH2CH2NH2
How are phenylamines formed from nitrobenzenes
The reflux of nitrobenzene under SN/conc HCl forms phenylamine and water
C6H5NO2 + 6[H] → C6H5NH2 + 2H2O
6 [H] needed per NO2