Unit 2 FCS: Medical Assisting

Pathogenic

microorganism that causes infection

Communicable disease

illnesses/infections that spread from person to person

Medical asepsis

state of cleanliness

Biohazard waste

waste contaminated with infectious diseases

Normal flora

necessary for health human microbiome

Nonpathogens

does not harm/cause disease to another organism

Universal precautions

safety precautions used with every client

Standard precautions

basic precautions

PPE

gloves, lab coat, wash hands, goggles

Microorganism

seen only through a microscope

Needle safety and prevention act

includes safer medical devices, such as sharps with engineered sharps injury protections and needleless systems

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

protects workers from potential hazards & workers rights

Sanitization

cleaning + disinfection of an area & item

Disinfection

process of cleaning something, especially with a chemical, in order to destroy bacteria

Virus

infective agent that has a nucleic acid molecule in a protein coat

Parasite

organism that lives in another organism (host)

Bacteria

single-celled organisms

Infection cycle

includes six components:Infectious Agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of Transmission, Portal of Entry, Susceptible Host

Signs

manifestation of disease observed by a physician

Symptoms

manifestation of disease observed by a patient

Category I

not infectious

Category II

mild infection

Category III

serious biohazardous infectious agents

Living organisms need

water, food, habitat, air, sunlight

SDS

Safety Data Sheet, detailed informational sheet about hazardous chemical products

Handwashing duration

20 seconds (length of happy birthday song)

Hand sanitizer use

60% alcohol; only when unable to wash hands

Sharps container

for any pointy material that can pierce/tear

Biohazard bin

for any substance contaminated with blood/bodily fluid

Incision

surgical cut made in flesh/skin

Avulsion

tearing away body part surgically/accidentally

Abrasion

scraping wearing something away

Puncture

wound made by pointed object

Sprains

injury to ligaments around bones

Laceration

underlying tissues are cut/torn

Strains

muscle is overstretched & tears

Maturation phase

final phase of wound healing

Inflammatory phase

phase right after injury with localized swelling

Proliferating phase

5-7 days where fibroblasts release new collagen

Serous Drainage

clear to yellow fluid that drains; healthy drainage

Sanguineous Drainage

fresh blood leaking from wound

Purulent Drainage

thick, milky fluid oozing from wound; indicates infection

Exudate

fluid leaking from nearby blood vessels into tissues

Arterial bleeding

most severe, urgent bleeding when artery ruptures

Venous bleeding

flowing dark blood that lacks support from arterial system

1st Degree Burn

red, non-blistered skin

2nd Degree Burn

blisters & thickening of skin

3rd Degree Burn

widespread thickness, white appearance, nerve damage

Closed fracture

bone is broken, skin intact

Comminuted fracture

bone broken in 2 places

Open fracture

injury exposed to external environment

Greenstick fracture

partial thickness fracture interrupted on one side

Transverse fracture

bone is broken perpendicular to length

Oblique Fracture

bone broken at an angle

Spiral fracture

bone is broken in a twisting manner

Keratinization

epidermis cells replaced with cells filled with protein

Dermis

2nd layer of skin filled with blood vessels, cells, etc.

Epidermis

top layer of skin focusing on protection

Melanocytes

skin cells that produce melanin

Ceruminous glands

glands producing earwax

Hypodermis

deepest, 3rd layer of skin connecting skin to muscles

Melanin

protects skin from UV rays & produces skin pigmentation

Sudoriferous glands

produces sweat

Sebaceous glands

produces sebum

Subcutaneous layer

synonym for hypodermis

A, B, C, D, E of skin cancer

Asymmetric, Borders, Color, Diameter, Evolving

Cancerous tumors

tumors that can spread to other