All illnesses, seizures, shock, etc types

dyspnea

shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

respiration

exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.

how air travels

Air travels through the trachea to each lung passing through the bronchioles then bronchi then alveoli

peds airway

smaller lungs, higher heart, no neck, bigger back of head, larger toungue

new born respiratory rate

30-60

infant respiratory rate

30-53

toddler respiratory rate

22-27

pre school respiratory rate

20-28

school age respiratory rate

18-25

adult respiratory rate

12-20

geriatric respiratory system

decreased breathing capacity, alveoli elasticity decreases, chemoreceptors are less sensitive, decreased cough and gag reflexes

breathing process

oxygen is provided to the blood, carbon is removed from it (alveoli). Carbon travel up and out the mouth. Oxygen is binded to rbcs

Low CO2 means

breathing at a slower rate and less deeply

higher co2 means

breathing more rapidly and deeply

anaphylaxis

hives, hypotension, dyspnea, wheezing/stridor

bronchitis

chronic cough, wheezing, cyanosis, tachypnea

diphtheria

difficulty breathing and swallowing, sore throat, fever

epiglottitis

drooling, dyspnea

pulmonary embolus

sharp chest pain, sudden onset, tachycardia

croup

peds, barking cough, dyspnea

hypoxia

the body’s cells and tissues don’t get enough oxygen

pulmonary edema

alveoli filled with fluid, usually after a heart attack- pink sputum, dyspnea, labored breathing

left side heart failure

the left side of the heart fails, blood backs up into the lungs, causing congestion of fluid that interferes with normal gas exchange;

pleural effusion

fluid on one or two sides of the lung

right side heart failure

a backup of fluid in the body’s veins and can lead to symptoms such as jugular venous distention and swelling in dependent areas of the body, such as the feet.

wheezing

partial airway obstruction- asthma, COPD, pneumonia, bronchitis, anaphylaxis

rhonchi

low pitched rattling sounds- COPD, pneumonia, bronchitis

crackles

crackling or bubbling sounds/inflammation or infections-left side heart failure, pulmonary edema

pulmonary embolism

blood clot breaks off and goes into the pulmonary artery and into the lung. oxygen levels drop