Module 4 Medical Terminology Online

Medical Terminology Online for Exploring Medical Language, 12th Edition from the EVOLVE website, module 4

integumentary system

the skin, hair, nails, and accessory glands are known as the ___

epidermis

the thing outer layer that creates skin tone and protects from UV light. When unbroken, also prevents entry of bacteria.

avascular

does not contain blood vessels

a-

does not (P)

vascul/o

contains blood vessels (WR)

epi-

on, upon, over (P)

dermis

thick middle layer of the skin containing blood capillaries, nerve endings, sweat glands, and hair follicles. AKA “true skin”

subcutaneous tissue

lower layer of the skin, contains connective tissue and fat cells and blood vessels.

cutane/o

skin (WR) (c…_

derm/o

skin (WR) (…m/o)

dermat/o

skin (WR) (…t/o)

intra-

within (P)

trans-

administering agent or drug (P)

strata

layer of the skin

stratum corneum

This layer of skin is formed from thin, flat, scalelike cells that are continually shed

stratum germinatum

This layer of skin contains small round cells called basal cells that continually divide, and the new cells push the older ones up

keratin

hard and water-repellant protien

karat/o

in context of skin: hornlike, hard (WR)

Keratinization

occurs in the stratum corneum and is the process during which the cytoplasm of the outermost cells of the epidermis is replaced by keratin

melanocytes

special cells distributed throughout the basal layer of the epidermis that contain the dark pigment melanin

sudoiferous glands

sweat glans

sebaceous glans

oil glands

hair

outgrowth of flexible, keratinized cells that arise from hair follicles

trich/o

hair (WR)

lunula

the white crescent-shaped areas near the roots of thumbnails

onych/o

nail (WR) (o…)

ungu/o

nail (WR) (u…)

paronychium

border of the nail

nail body

main part of the nail we see

cuticle

bottom line from which the nail grows

nail bed

pinkish gland under the nail

nail matrix

root of the nail

sebum

lubricates the skin and hair

seb/o

sebum

perspiration

process of sweating to cool the body and get rid of waste products

hidr/o

sweat (WR)

per-

through

lesion

any visible change in body tissue caused by injury or disease

primary lesion

lesions that arise from normal skin as the result of an injury or pathologic process

secondary lesion

develop from changes to the primary injury

erosion

a process during which the epidermal surface may erode as a result of inflammation or injury

papule

small, solid, raised skin lesion that is less than 1 cm in diameter. they develop as a sign from infectious diseases.

nodule

larger papule. a small palpable knotlike mass.

pruritis

itching

vesicle

small, circumscribed elevation on the skin that contains serous fluid (AKA blister)

bulla

vesicle larger than 1 cm in diameter

dermatits

inflammation of the skin

pustule

contain purulent material (pus)

macule

flat, circumscribed area of discoloration. (ex: freckles and flat moles)

wheal

irregularly shaped, solid elevation of the skin. usually red or pale and cause itching. (ex: insect bites")

fissure

crack-like lesion of the skin. grooves in the epidermis may be caused by truama, infections disease, or systemic disorders.

petechia

ressish-purple pinpoint spot on skin as a result of intradermal hemorrhaging.

ecchymosis

escape of blood in the skin of mucous membrane. they are small flat purple/blue discoloration