TCP, UDP, and IP Fundamentals

Vocabulary flashcards covering key networking concepts including IP, TCP, UDP, port numbers, sockets, and multiplexing based on the lecture transcript.

Internet Protocol (IP)

The protocol responsible for performing the heavy lifting of moving encapsulated data packets across the network from a source address to a destination address.

Multiplexing

The process at OSI Layer 4 that allows transferring multiple applications simultaneously across the network between the same devices.

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

A connection-oriented transport layer protocol that provides reliable data delivery, formal session setup and teardown, acknowledgments, numbered packets, error recovery, and flow control.

Connection-Oriented Protocol

A protocol that requires a formal process to set up communication between two devices prior to data transfer and a formal process to tear down the session when complete.

Reliable Delivery Method

A delivery mechanism where sending data always results in an acknowledgment from the destination device, allowing the sending station to confirm receipt and recover from errors.

Flow Control

A feature in TCP communication where the receiving station tells the sending device to speed up or slow down its transmission rate.

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

A bare-bones, connectionless transport layer protocol that transfers data without session setup, session teardown, acknowledgments, error recovery, or flow control.

Connectionless Communication

A communication method where data is sent without any formal setup, warning, or session teardown between devices.

Unreliable Delivery

A communication method in which no acknowledgments are returned to the sender, meaning delivery cannot be guaranteed and lost data cannot be recovered at the protocol layer.

Port Number

A numerical designation within a TCP or UDP header, ranging from 0 to 65,535, that directs incoming data to a specific application running on a device.

Socket

A combination of network details consisting of an IP address, a protocol (TCP or UDP), and a client or server application port number.

Non-ephemeral Ports

Permanent port numbers, commonly ranging from 0 through 1023, that are typically assigned to well-known server applications.

Ephemeral Ports

Temporary port numbers, commonly ranging from 1024 through 65,535, that are dynamically assigned to client devices on a per-session basis.