Memory

Sensory memory

storing of the incoming sensory information very briefly

Iconic memory

visual sensory memory

Echonic

auditory sensory memory

how did George Sperling investigate iconic memory?

presented letter arrays briefly followed by a tone

conclusion about sensory memory?

high capacity, short duration, can be “masked”

cognitive blink suppression

blinking between brief presentation and cue reduces sensory memory

Working memory

lower capacity, longer duration than sensory

How to improve capacity of working memory?

chunking

How to improve duration of working memory?

rehearsal, without multi tasking

Proactive interference

when information that is learned earlier interferes with remembering information learned later

Retroactive interference

when information that is learned later interferes with remembering information learned earlier

serial vs paralel search

one by one vs all at once

Self-terminating search

search stopped when goal found

Exhaustive search

search continues until end even when goal found

N-back task

test working memory by remembering a letter u saw before when u see it again

Long-term memory subtypes

Procedural memory

Declarative memory

Declarative memory

with conscious recall

Procedural memory

without conscious recall

Subtypes of declerative memory

Semantic memory

Episodic memory

Semantic memory

a piece of random information

Episodic memory

information of a specific time and place

how to test declerative knowledge?

recognition test, free recall test