shoot morphology and vascular arrangement

Points on a stem where buds or leaves attach

nodes

stem segment between successive nodes

internodes

Bud in the axil between a leaf and its stem

axillary bud

Developing leaf structures near a shoot apical meristem

Leaf primordial

Arrangement of scattered vascular bundles typical of monocot stems

atacotstele

arrangement of vascular bundles in the ring typical of dicot stem

eustele

bundle with xylem and pholem side by side and no cambium between them.

closed collateral vascular bundle

bundle with xylem, phloem and vascular cambium between them

open collateral vascular bundle

stem xylem maturation pattern: protoxylem inward, metaxylem outward

endarch

cavity left by the breakdown of protaoxylem in some monocot stems, such as maize

protaoxylem lacuna