Endocrine Hormones practical

What hormones does the Kidneys secrete?

Erythropoietin, Renin, and Calcitriol

What is the function of Erythropoietin from the Kidneys?

Stimulates the production of RBC in the Bone Marrow

What is the function of Renin from the Kidneys?

Raises blood pressure when its too low

What is the function of Calcitriol from the Kidneys?

helps boost Calcium + Phosphorus levels in the blood, via the gut from food

What are the Hormones produced by the Hypothalamus?

Corticotropin RH, Growth Hormone RH + IH, Gonadotropin RH, Prolactin RH + IH, Thyrotropin RH, and Melanocyte SH-IH

What is the function of Corticotropin RH from the Hypothalamus?

signals the body to release Adrenocorticotropin hormone, to release Cortisol

What is the function of Growth Hormone from the Hypothalamus?

tells body to grow, build tissue, repair, and manage energy

What is the function of Gonadotropin RH from the Hypothalamus?

tells Pituitary gland to release Luteinizing Hormone & Follicle-Stimulating Hormone for the production of Testosterone or Estrogen

What is the function of Prolactin RH + IH from the Hypothalamus?

To release or Stop releasing Prolactin, which stimulates breast development aand milk production

What is the function of Thyrotropin RH from the Hypothalamus?

tells A. Pituitary to release Thyroid hormones, to control metabolism and energy levels

What is the function of Melanocyte Stimulating-Hormone IH from the Hypothalamus?

tells A. Pituitary to stop releasing MSH; make less Melanin on skin

What hormones does the Anterior Pituitary gland produce?

Adrenocorticotropic, Growth Hormone, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Prolactin, and Luteinizing Hormone

What do Thyroid Follicles secrete?

Thyroxine (T3) and Triiodothyronine (T4)

Alternative name for C-Cells on the Thyroid

Parafollicular Cells

What do the Chief Cells on the Parathyroid glands secrete?

Parathyroid hormone

Function of Parathyroid Hormone from Chief Cells

raises blood Calcium levels when too low

What does the Follicle Stimulating Hormone target in Males?

Nurse/Sustentacular/Sertoli Cells; produce Inhibin for healthy sperm

What does the Follicle Stimulating Hormone target in Women?

Follicle Cells; produce Estrogen & Inhibin for egg production

What does Luteinizing Hormone target in Males?

Interstitial (Leydig) cells

What does Luteinizing Hormone target in Women?

Corpus Luteum

What does Adrenocorticotropic Hormone target?

Adrenal gland

What does Growth Hormone target?

All cells

What does Thyroid Stimulating Hormone target?

Thyroid

What does Prolactin target?

Mammary glands

What does Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone target?

Melanocytes

What hormones are released by the Posterior Pituitary gland?

Oxytocin and Antidiuretic Hormone

What is the alternative name for Antidiuretic Hormone?

Vasopressin

What does the Heart secrete?

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Brain Natriuretic Peptide

What does the Corpus Luteum produce?

Progesterone; regulates menstrual cycle & supports embryonic development

What is the outermost layer of the Adrenal Cortex?

Zona Glomerulosa

What is the middle layer of the Adrenal Cortex?

Zona Fasciculata

What is the inner layer of the Adrenal Cortex?

Zona Reticularis

What does the Zona Glomerulosa secrete?

Mineralocorticoids, primarily Aldosterone

What does the Zona Fasciculata secrete?

Glucocorticoids, primarily Cortisol.

What does the Zona Reticularis secrete?

Androgens

What does the Adrenal Medulla secrete?

Epinephrine (75-80%) & Norepinephrine

What does the Pancreas Acini secrete?

[Exocrine cells] secrete digestive enzymes

What does the Pancreatic Islets secrete?

[Endocrine cells] produce Glucagon, Insulin, Somatostatin, and Pancreatic Polypeptide

What is the alternative name for Pancreatic Islets?

Islets of Langerhans

What hormones does the Stomach release?

Secretin and Cholecystokinin

What hormones does the Adipose Tissue in the abdomen release?

Leptin, regulates hunger and energy consumption

What does the Thymus secrete?

Thymosins, stimulates vital T-cell (WBC) for protection against viruses and infections