AQA GCSE phyisics topic one - energy

what is the equation the links kinetic energy with mass and speed ?

Ek = ½ mv²

what are the 8 energy stores

Thermal, kinetic, gravitational potential, elastic potential, chemical, magnetic, electrostatic, nuclear.

what are the four ways energy can be trasferred?

mechanically, electrically, by heating, by radiation

what is the equation for working out gravitational potential?

Ep=mgh

what is the equation to work out elastic potential?

Ee= ½ ke²

what is the law of conservation of energy?

energy cannot be created or destroyed it can only be transferred between stores.

what is the limit of proportionality ?

when the extension is no longer directly proportional to the force.

what does ‘work done’ mean?

the amount of energy transferred.

what is ‘power’ ?

the rate at which energy is transferred.

how do you increase efficiency?

machines use lubricants to reduce friction and buildings use thermal insulation to reduce unwanted energy transfers through heating.

what is thermal conductivity ?

how readily thermal energy is transferred through a material.

what is specific heat capacity?

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a 1kg substance by 1℃.

what does it mean if a substance has a high specific heat capacity?

it needs a lot of energy to increase it’s temperature.

what are the 4 non - renewable energy resources?

coal, gas, oil, nuclear fuel

what are the 7 renewable energy resources?

wind, solar, hydroelectric, tidal, wave, geothermal, biofuel

what does ‘renewable’ mean?

a resource replenished as it is used

what does ‘non-renewable’ mean?

there are limited amounts of a substance.

what are the three fossil fuels ?

gas , oil, coal

2 advantages of using fossil fuels as an energy resource

reliable and high energy output

2 disadvantages of using fossil fuels as an energy resource

releases carbon dioxide, contributes to the enhanced greenhouse effect

2 advantages of using nuclear as an energy resource

large energy output, reliable

2 disadvantages of using nuclear as an energy resource

produces radioactive waste, expensive to build

2 advantages of using wind as an energy resource

renewable, no fuel required

2 disadvantages of using wind as an energy resource

visual impact, noise pollution

2 advantages of using solar as an energy resource

renewable, no fuel is required.

2 disadvantages of using solar as an energy resource

depends on sunlight, less energy is generated at night.

2 advantages of using hydroelectric as an energy resource

renewable, reliable if water supply is maintained

2 disadvantages of using hydroelectric as an energy resource

expensive to build, flooding valleys can destroy habitat

2 advantages of using tidal as an energy resource

renewable, very predictable

2 disadvantages of using tidal as an energy resource

expensive, can affect marine ecosystems

2 advantages of using biofuel as an energy resource

renewable if crops are replanted, can be used as fuel for transport.

2 disadvantages of using biofuel as an energy resource

deforestation, still releases carbon dioxide.

2 advantages of using geothermal as an energy resource

renewable, reliable

2 disadvantages of using geothermal as an energy resource

expensive, only practical in certain locations.