Organic Compounds

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and concepts related to organic compounds, macromolecules, and their functions in biology.

Organic Compounds

Compounds that contain carbon atoms and are found in living things.

Inorganic Compounds

Compounds that do not contain carbon atoms.

Polymerization

The process where monomers are joined to make polymers.

Monosaccharides

Single sugar molecules, such as glucose, fructose, and galactose.

Disaccharides

Carbohydrates formed from two monosaccharides, like sucrose and lactose.

Polysaccharides

Carbohydrates that are made up of more than two monosaccharides, such as starch, cellulose, and glycogen.

Triglycerides

A type of lipid formed from glycerol and three fatty acids.

Amino Acids

The building blocks of proteins, there are 20 different kinds.

Essential Nutrients

Chemicals in food that cells need for growth and maintenance.

HDL

High-density lipoprotein, known as good cholesterol.

LDL

Low-density lipoprotein, known as bad cholesterol.

Nucleotides

The building blocks of nucleic acids like DNA and RNA.

Enzymes

Proteins that act as organic catalysts, speeding up chemical reactions.

Denaturation

The process in which proteins lose their structure and function, often due to heat or pH changes.

Active Site

The specific region of an enzyme where the substrate binds.