Ichthology 1

Hag fish prefix

Myxini-

Lamprey Family

Petromyzontidae

Lamprey species that has NON connected dorsal and caudle fins

Lampetra aepyptera (Least Brook Lamprey)

Lamprey species that has connected dorsal and caudle fins

Ichthyomyzon castaneus (Chestnut Lamprey)

Rat tail fish/ chimera prefix

Chimaer-

Looks like shark, 2 dorsal fins, anal fin present, 5 gill slits FAMILY/prefix

Carcharhin

Looks like shark, 2 dorsal fins, anal fin present, 5 gill slits SPECIES

Carcharhinus leucas (Bull Shark)

Looks like a shark, 2 dorsal finsn no anal fin, smaller and cuter than other sharks FAMILY prefix

Squal

Order of rays with caudal fin

Rajiformes

Order of rays with no caudal fin

Myliobatiformes

FAMILY of small ray, eyes small/obsolete, very well developed caudal fin

Torpedinidae (Electric Rays)

FAMILY of ray with more triangle shape, less caudal fin (can be absent)

Rajidae (Skates)

FAMILY of rays no caudal fin because of a spine, larger, no dorsal fin

Dasyatidae (Stingrays)

Prefix family of a very cylindrical fish, no/very small eyes, almost eel like but scales, caudal fin goes up the tail

Lepidosiren- (South American Lungfish)

Prefix family a fish that has segmented dorsal fin, squished flat head, dorsal and caudal fin connected

Polypteridae (Bichirs)

ORDER looks like a Sturgeon (or paddle fish)

Acipenseriformes

Species of sturgen that is iconic/common

Acipenser fulvescens (Lake Sturgeon)

Species of sturgen that has a shovel nose

Scaphirhynchus platorynchus (Shovelnose Sturgeon )

FAMILY looks like a Sturgeon

Acipenseridae

FAMILY a fish that has a paddle for a nose

Polyodontidae

SPECIES a fish that has a paddle for a nose

Polyodon spathula

ORDER of Gar

Semionotiformes

FAMILY of gar

Lepisosteidae

SPECIES of gar with long nose, some dark spots back half body

Lepisosteus osseus (Longnose Gar)

SPECIES of gar with smaller and wider nose, some fark dots on caudal fin

Lepisosteus platostomus (Shortnose Gar)

SPECIES of gar with a smaller and thicker nose, large dark spots on head snout and body

Lepisisteus occulatus (Spotted Gar)

PREFIX family when large wide mouth, heterocercal tail with spot, and bony structure covering throat

Amiidae (Bowfin)

SPECIES when large wide mouth, heterocercal tail with spot, and bony structure covering throat

Amia calva (Bowfin)

ORDER containing Arawanas, Gold/moon eyes, elephantfishes, and Knifefish

Osteoglossiformes

FAMILY with large scales, upward pointed mouth and snout, pretty lateraly compresed, long anal fin, dorsal fin set far back

Osteoglossidae (Arawanas)

FAMILY thar contains caudal fin well forked, no sawtoothed keel, long anal fin, pelvic fins distinct, large eyes

Hiodontidae (Goldeyes)

SPECIES contains caudal fin well forked, no sawtoothed keel, long anal fin, pelvic fins distinct, large eyes, Dorsal fin starts BEHIND anal fin

Hiodon alosoides (Goldeye)

SPECIES contains caudal fin well forked, no sawtoothed keel, long anal fin, pelvic fins distinct, large eyes, Dorsal fin starts BEFORE anal fin

Hiodon tergisus (Mooneye)

FAMILY of a fish that has a trunk nose

Mormyridae (Elephantfishes)

FAMILY of a long bodied, and long dorsal fin but no anal, caudal, or pelvic fins, cute little pectoral

Gymnarchidae (Knifefish)

ORDER looks like an eel

Anguilliformes

FAMILY looks like an eel with pectoral fins, dorsal,caudal and anal fins continuous, no pelvic fins, no dots

Anguillidae (Freshwater Eels)

SPECIES looks like an eel with pectoral fins, dorsal,caudal and anal fins continuous, no pelvic fins, no dots

Anguilla rostrata (American Eel)

FAMILY looks like an eel with no scales, no pectoral fins, long fanglike teeth, many dark/light dots, looks scary

Muraenidae (Moray Eels)

prefix family for deeply forked tail, laterally compressed, dorsal fin triangle, sawtooth keel present, no latteral line

Clupe-

SPECIES for deeply forked tail, laterally compressed, dorsal fin triangle, sawtooth keel present, no latteral line, no shoulder spot

Alosa chrysochloris (Skipjack Herring )

SPECIES for deeply forked tail, laterally compressed, dorsal fin triangle, sawtooth keel present, no latteral line, shoulder spot

Dorosoma cepedianum (Gizzard Shad)

prefix ducklike bill (most time), no adipose fin, dorsal and anal fin far back (posteriorly) on body, forked caudal fin

Esoc- (Pikes and Mudminnows)

SPECIES ducklike bill (most time), no adipose fin, dorsal and anal fin far back (posteriorly) on body, forked caudal fin, teardrop pigmentation and through the eye

Esox americanus (Grass Pickerel)

SPECIES ducklike bill (most time), no adipose fin, dorsal and anal fin far back (posteriorly) on body, forked caudal fin, giraffe like patern with stripes of tan and dark tan

Esox lucius (Northern Pike)

SPECIES ducklike bill (most time), no adipose fin, dorsal and anal fin far back (posteriorly) on body, forked caudal fin, lowe jaw extends uper, many small dark dots, intimidating

Esox masquinongy (Muskellunge)

SPECIES no adipose fin, dorsal and anal fin far back (posteriorly) on body, looks like a minnow but with a rounded caudal fin, and a darker spot caudal peduncle

Umbra limi (Central Mudminnow )

prefix family adipose fin, long fusiform shape, forked caudal fin, silver, medium eye in proportion

Osmer - (Rainbow Smelt)

SPECIES adipose fin, long fusiform shape, forked caudal fin, silver, medium eye in proportion

Osmerus mordax (Rainbow Smelt )

Prefix family fuiform bodies, adipose fin, range of level of forked tails,

Salmoni-

SPECIES adipose fin, small mouth, darker fins at base and end with lighter stripe, silver

Coregonus clupeaformis (Lake Whitefish )

SPECIES adipose fin, large mouth, many small dark spots all middle top body

Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Trout)

SPECIES adipose fin, some small dark spots dorsaly, lower jaw and gums black, many sharp teeth

Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Chinook Salmon)

SPECIES adipose fin, small light spots/spekeled, with bars of pigment, dorsal fin has stripes

Salvelinus fontinalis (Brook Trout)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, no keel, bit lateraly compresed, sharper fins

Notemigonus crysoleucas (Golden Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, Black spot on anterior basal portion of dorsal fin, large mouth

Semotilus atromaculatus (Creek Chub)

SPECIES looks like a minnow or sucker, fleshy lips with prominent lobes, long body, caudal spot is "intense" but can look like the lateral line

Phenacobious mirabilis (Suckermouth Minnow)

SPECIES looks like a minnow or sucker, no lobes and not sucker just subterminal (loser v mouth), clear snout due to upper jaw overhang

Campostoma anomalum (Central Stoneroller)

SPECIES looks like a minnow with 2 dusky stripes, small scales

Chrosomus erythrogaster (Southern Redbelly Dace)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, pearl organs EW

Ericymba buccata (Silverjaw Minnow)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, 2nd dorsal ray short and seperated from 3rd, lateral band goes through eye to snout, "prominent" caudal spot

Pimephales notatus (Bluntnose Minnow)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, Large black spot at front half of dorsal fin that is “hovering”, small caudal spot, 2nd dorsal ray short and seperated from 3rd, terminal upwards mouth

Pimephales vigilax (Bullhead Minnow)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, Scales diamond-shaped, taller than wide, Black blotch on rear half of dorsal fin, little or no black on membranes of front half of fin, eye med. in center head

Cyprinella spiloptera (Spotfin Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, no noticeable traits besides large dark caudal fin (and dusty ventral dusky bloch)

Cyprinella venusta (Blacktail Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, Scales large, taller than wide, deep compressed body, dark stripe down lateral line, dark line along back forming V

Luxilus chrysocephalus (Striped Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, intense black spot at origin of dorsal fin connecting with body, deep compresed body, scales small on anterior upper sides

Lythrurus umbratilis (Redfin Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, compresed long slender/fusiform body, large mouth with terminal (slightly upterned mouths), shiney lateral line

Notropis atherinoides (Emerald Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, Dusky stripe along back expanded into dark wedge at dorsal fin origin, smaller mouth, more forhead action

Notropis ludibundus (Sand Shiner)

SPECIES looks like a minnow, mouth large and subterminal, caudal peduncle long and narrow, head is flattend underside, eyes directed upward, dusky lateral line postereor

Notropis dorsalis (Bigmouth Shiner)

Family that Pelvic fins on belly, large eyes, long dorasal fins, sawtooth spines front of fins they are also darker than the thin soft rays

Cyprinidae (Barbs and Carps)

SPECIES Pelvic fins on belly, large eyes, long dorasal fin, sawtooth spines front of dorsal they are also darker than the thin soft rays

Carassius auratus (Goldfish)

SPECIES Pelvic fins on belly, large eyes, long dorasal fins, sawtooth spines front of dorsal they are also darker than the thin soft rays, barbels

Cyprinus carpio (Carp)

Family no adipose fin, smaller eye, ventral keel, eye lower head, very fusiform with narrow caudal peduncle

Xenocyprididae (Sharpbellies)

SPECIES small eye lower looks lower than mouth, small scales looks like no scales venturaly, very promonant ventral keel thal looks like an anouther fin

Hypopthalmichthys molotrix (Silver Carp)

SPECIES small eye lower down but looks above mouth, darker on top, fusiform with narrow caudal peduncle, terminal mouth

Ctenopharyngodon Idella (Grass Carp)

Family Lips fleshy, plicate or papillose, Adipose fin absent, Fins without spines, no teeth

Catostomidae (Suckers)

SPECIES lateraly compresed, large scales, dorsal fin long with tall bening swoop down and short end, meduim sized eye, caudal fin rounded, Subopercle semicircular, broadest at middle, sucker like mouth

Ictiobus bubalus (Smallmouth Buffalo)

SPECIES lateraly compresed, large scales, dorsal fin long with tall bening swoop down and short end, meduim sized eye, caudal fin rounded Subopercle subtriangular, broadest below middle, sucker like mouth

Carpiodes cyprinus (Quillback)

SPECIES looks like a minnow or sucker, Lips thick, strongly papillose, short dorsal fin (10-12 rays), small crowded scales

Catostomus commersoni (White Sucker)

SPECIES absent or incomplete lateral line, Scales on upper sides with dark spots on their bases forming rows spots (even spaced), sucker like lips

Minytrema melanops (Spotted Sucker)

SPECIES Dorsal fin shorter (9-17), larger scales, Caudal fin slate colored in life, Head large, lower lip biloped and acutely v-shaped, Lips plicate with small papillae

Moxostoma anisurum (Silver Redhorse)

SPECIES Dorsal fin shorter (9-17), larger scales, Caudal fin slate colored in life, Head small, Scales on upper sides with rows of faint dark spots, Mouth small, Lips plicate and papillose

Moxostoma macrolepidotum (Shorthead Redhorse)

SPECIES Dorsal fin shorter (9-17), larger scales, Caudal fin slate colored in life, Caudal fin slate colored in life, Dorsal fin rays 13-14, Lower lip not bilobed, rear edge U-shaped, Lips plicate, Scales in lateral line 39-43, small ish eyes dark to light gradent

Moxostoma erythrurum (Golden Redhorse)

SPECIES looks like a minnow or sucker, Dorsal fin shorter, dark bands, dots of pigment at base of fins, terminal mouth, no adipose fin, eye not very big

Erimyzon oblongus (Creek Chubsucker)

SPECIES concave between eyes/flat, strong papillose lips, barbels, bands of darker color go around the fish

Hypentelium nigricans (Northern Hog Sucker)