music chapter 7

freedom songs

songs used during apartheid as a form of political education

church style

in the 50s, religious hymns were given new, political lyrics to transform them into this style of freedom songs

traditional style

traditional african songs were given new lyrics and meanings to turn them into freedom songs

popular music style

songs by white struggle supporters to be used as freedom songs

toyi toyi style

popular during the late 70s and 80s, dances are performed in large groups with marching and chanting as freedom songs

protest music

a genre of music that develped as a result of the censorship by the apartheid regime, so songs were creatively disguised as freedom songs as to not be censored

south africa national anthem

created in 1897 by enoch sontonga, this song includes 4 of south africas offical languages, xhosa, sesotho, afrikaans, zulu and english

maskandi

a form of zulu folk music that typically features acoustic guitar with lyrics usually being zulu praise poetry

marabi

a style of keyboard music which originated in the mining townships of south africa

kwela

a combination of jazz and marabi music that became popular in the 50s

isicathimiya

a style of vocal acapella music that originated in the zulu community

kwaito

a close relative of south african house music, this genre orignated in joburg and is slow in tempo and contains rap like vocals

gqom

a south african form of electronic dance music which became popular in the 2010s in kzn, its a combination of house, kwaito and afro-tech

amapiano

a subgenre of south african house that combines deep house, lounge music and jazz which contains an iconic high pitched synthesizer keyboard instrumwnt