Croatia: Military History and Notable Events

1529 - 1533 - First Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Suleiman and his Ottoman forces defeated Ferdinand and the Habsburgs (Holy Roman Empire and Spain)

• War which saw

  • The Siege of Vienna

  • The Siege of Kőszeg

1532 - Siege of Kőszeg (All Facts)

• Battle in which Hungary and Croatia of the Habsburg Holy Roman Empire defeated Suleiman and his Ottoman forces during the First Habsburg-Ottoman War

1540 - 1547 - Third Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Suleiman and his Ottoman forces defeated Ferdinand and the Habsburgs (Holy Roman Empire and Spain)

1551 - 1562 - Fourth Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Suleiman and his Ottoman forces defeated the Habsburgs (Holy Roman Empire and Spain)

1565 - 1568 - Fifth Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Suleiman and his Ottoman forces defeated Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian II and his Habsburg forces

1591 / 1593 - 1606 - Long Turkish War / Thirteen Years’ War / Fifteen Years’ War / Sixth Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Murad III, Mehmed III, and Ahmed and their Ottoman forces fought against Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II and the Habsburgs (Holy Roman Empire and Spain) and their allies; which ended in a stalemate

• War during which Ottoman forces captured the fortress of Raab in Hungary

1595 - Siege of Esztergom (All Facts)

• Battle in which Habsburg forces defeated Ottoman forces during the Long Turkish War Thirteen Years’ War / Fifteen Years’ War / Sixth Habsburg-Ottoman War

1606 - Peace of Zsitvatorok (All Facts)

• Peace Treaty signed between Holy Roman Emperor Matthias and Sultan Ahmed of the Ottoman Empire, ending the Long Turkish War / Thirteen Years’ War / Fifteen Years’ War / Sixth Habsburg-Ottoman War

• Peace Treaty signed between equals (unlike previous treaties which were “graciously accorded by the Sultan” to his “vanquished” rival) in the namesake obscure town on the Hungarian frontier, which promised a new era of stability between the two longstanding foes

• Peace Treaty in which Austria was no longer able to pay an annual tribute (to the Ottoman Empire) and a final payment was agreed upon, after which the ambassadors (and rulers) of the two great powers promised to exchange ceremonial gifts every three years

• Peace Treaty in which

  • the Ottoman Empire renounced its claims to Hungary with the exception of two newly-created provinces and the frontier fortresses of Erlau, Gran, and Kanischa

  • Stephen Bocskai and Transylvania gained considerably autonomy under Ottoman rule

• Peace Treaty which would remain in effect (definitively) for the next 20 years

1663 - 1664 - Austro-Turkish War / Seventh Habsburg-Ottoman War (All Facts)

• War in which Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha and his Ottoman forces, with help from Wallachians, Tartars, and disgruntled Hungarian peasants devastated the territories of Moravia and Silesia in Transylvania and Hungary

• War which began when the Habsburgs invaded Ottoman-controlled territory in Transylvania, in which the Ottomans responded by invading Transylvania and Hungary

• War during which Köprülüzade Fazıl Ahmed Pasha and his Ottoman forces advanced from Belgrade towards Vienna

• War during which the Habsburgs succeeded in persuading their Christian allies to come to their aid, including France and Germany (the Holy Roman Empire)

• War during which Raimondo Montecuccoli held the right bank of the Raab

• War which ended with the Peace of Vasvar

1664 - Peace of Vasvar (All Facts)

• Peace Treaty which ended the Austro-Turkish War / Seventh Habsburg-Ottoman War, which

  • renewed the Peace of Zsitvatorok

  • made it so that the Habsburgs

    • paid money to the Ottomans

    • evacuated Transylvania

    • recognized the Ottoman vassal Apafy

  • made it so that the Ottomans

    • retained much of northern Hungary

    • retained the newly-conquered stronghold of Nauhausel

  • lasted nearly twenty years

1671 - Magnate Conspiracy (All Facts)

• Plot among nobles in Croatia and Hungary to oust the Habsburg Monarchy from Croatia and Hungary, in response to the Peace of Vasvár

• Plot suppressed by Holy Roman Emperor and Hungarian King Leopold