Clinical Assisting- Chapter 28/charting

sounds dental care begins with:

• thorough examination of the head and neck and the oral cavity

reasons a patient seeks dental care:

• as a new patient

• for an emergency or specific problem

• for consultation w a specialist

• as a returning patient for continued care

techniques used for assessments:

• visual evaluation provides an overall assessment of existing conditions

  • soft tissue

  • tooth structure

    • restorations

    • missing teeth

visual evaluation:

• clinically see

• (tongue, lips, cheeks)

hard tissue charting:

• missing teeth etc.

palpation:

• examiner uses fingers/hands to evaluate hard and soft tissue

• thumb and 1st finger

• look for lumps and bumps

instrumentation:

• use of instruments to examine the teeth and surrounding tissues

  • detection

  • probing

radiography:

• both intraoral and extraoral

radiography: indispensable tools for identifying

• decay

• defective restorations

• advanced periodontal conditions

• pathologic conditions

• developmental conditions

• abnormalities

dental charts: must have 2 areas

• dental charting (hard tissue chart)

  • working doc

• record treatment (progress/S.O.A.P notes)

  • permanent notes (legal)

dental charts:

• must show permanent and primary dentition

• anatomical (eagle soft)

• geometric

anatomical: definition

• show both crown and root

• (eagle soft)

geometric: definition

• show teeth as circles

numbering systems: list

• universal/national system

• federation dentaire internationale system

• palmer system

universal/national system:

• developed- 1968

• commonly used in USA

• very common

federation dentaire internationale system:

• canada and european countries

• easily adapted by computer

• widely used in most countries

palmer system:

• ortho uses

computerized dental charting:

• standardization

• more efficient

• fewer mistakes

class 1 (simple)

• simple fill

• pits and fissures

  • occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth

  • buccal or lingual pits on the molars

  • lingual pit near the cingulum of the maxillary incisors

class 2 (compound, complex)

• proximal surfaces on the posterior teeth

class 3 (simple)

• interproximal surface of anterior teeth

class 4 (compound)

• most common

• interproximal surface of anterior teeth

• and include incisal edge

class 5 (simple)

• cervical 3rd of the facial or lingual surface of the tooth

• patient often sucks on sweets

class 6 (simple)

• not part of original standard classification

• clenching and grinding

• later identified in order to more clearly label cavities that involve the incisal or occlusal surface worn away from abrasion

simple: definition

• cavity that involves one tooth surface

• I: incisal (anterior teeth)

• M: mesial

• D: distal

• B: buccal

• O: occlusal (posterior teeth)

• F: facial (anterior teeth)

• L: (tongue side)

compound: definition

• 2 tooth surfaces

• DO

• MO

• MI

• DI

• LI

• DL

• ML

• OB

DO: surface

• disto-occlusal

MO: surface

• mesio-occlusal

MI: surface

• mesio-incisal

DI: surface

• disto-incisal

LI: surface

• linguo-incisal

DL: surface

• disto-lingual

ML: surface

• mesio-lingual

OB: surface

• occlusobuccal

complex: definition

• more than 2 tooth surfaces

• MOD

• MODBL

MOD: surface

• mesio-occluso-distal

MODBL: surface

• mesio-occluso-disto-bucco-lingual

crown (cap):

• gold, porcelain, stainless steel, or plastic

• permanent or temporary

• anterior or posterior

denture:

• full- needed if all natural teeth in one arch are missing

• partial- is needed if some natural teeth are missing

abscess:

• localized area of infection

bridge:

• prosthetic device placed between teeth covering space

abutments:

• attaching sides

pontic:

• middle area

• (the missing tooth)

cantilever bridge:

• attached to one side

maryland bridge:

• wings on the pontic that are attached to the lingual sides of the adjacent teeth

drifting:

• when a tooth is removed, opposing teeth may move/erupt in space

gold foil:

• restoration created when several layers of pure gold are placed in preparation

• not common today

incipient:

• beginning decay that has not broken through the enamel

• (white spot lesion)

• enamel is weakened

mobility:

• when tooth moves in the socket

  • due to- periodontal disease or trauma

  • numbering system is used to record how many millimeters the tooth moves

• we want a little bit

overhang:

• excessive restorative material

• found- interproximally near gingiva

restoration:

• replacing the tooth structure

• “fillings”

periodontal pocket:

• space in the gingival sulcus created by periodontal disease

healthy depth: of periodontal

• 1-3 mm

• beyond- considered a pocket

root canal:

• removal of pulp and replacement of filling material

sealant:

• resin material

• used to seal pits

• prevent potential decay

specific periodontal findings to be recorded:

• overall health conditions of gingiva

• signs and location of inflammation

• location and amount of plaque and calculus

• areas of periodontal pockets larger than 3 mm

• presence of furcation involvement

• dental mobility scale

red:

• work that needs to be done

blue:

• indicates completed work

morphologically, morphologic, morphology: book definition

• branch of biology that deals with from and structures