unilaterally: laterally flexes the neck ipsilaterally contractlaterally rotates the neck, bilaterally: extends neck at atlanto occipiltal joints, flexes cervical vertebrae

sternocleidomastoid

elevates, retracts and depress shoulders

trapezius

elevates hyoid, floor of mouth, and tongue during swallowing and speaking

mylohyoid

pulls hyoid anterosuperiorly

geniohyoid

elevates and retracts hyoid

stylohyoid

elevates hyoid

suprahyoid muscles

these two muscles have the same nerve (suprahyoid/ infrahyoid muscles). C1 via hypoglossal nerve

geniohyoid, thyrohyoid

these two muscles share this nerve nerve to mylohyoid

mylohyoid, anterior belly of digastric

these two muscles share this same nerve stylohyoid nerve

stylohyoid, posterior belly of digastric

sternohyoid, omohyoid, sternohyoid share this same nerve

ansa cervicalis

infrahyoid muscles action

depress hyoid

prevertebral muscles action

flexes neck

longus colli, longus caoitis, rectus capitis anterior, anterior scalene, rectus capitis lateralis, middle scalene, posterior scalene are part of what muscle group

prevertebral muscles

3 parts of subclavian artery is divided by what

anterior scalene

common carotid arteries bifurcate into

internal and external carotid arteries

superior thyroid artery, ascending pharyngeal artery, lingual artery, facial artery, occipital artery, posterior auricular artery, maxillary artery, superficial temporal artery. are all tributaries of

external carotid arteries

superficial temporal vein and maxillary vein make

retromandibular vein

posterior retromandibular, posterior auricular, cervicodorsal, suprascapular, anterior jugular veins are all tributaries of

external jugular vein

formed by the union of posterior retromandibular v. and posterior auricular v.

external jugular

external jugular drains into

subclavian vein

inferior cervical ganglion + 1st thoracic ganglion =stellate ganglion, middle cervical ganglion, superior cervical ganglion

3 cervical symphathetic ganglian

lies along external jugular vein superficial to SCM

superficial cervical lymph nodes

form a chain along course of internal jugular vein embedded in the fascia of carotid sheath

deep cervical lymph nodes

thyroid and parathyroid glands

endocrine layer

endocrine secretion i shormonally regulated by the

pituitary gland

function is to raise calcium levels in the blood by stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone, reabsorb calcium

parathyroid hormone