Eam #3 - Foundations of Rec Therapy

Therapeutic recreations involves what two parts?

leisure context and purposeful intervention

Therapeutic recreation professionals work in what type of settings?

Physical rehabilitation, mental health facilities, community settings

Who was the individual we talked about that is associated with the settlement houses that developed in the 1800s?

Jane Addams

Which organization trained hundreds of professionals to provide hospital recreation after World War II in veteran’s hospitals?

The red cross

Which organization is the independent credentialing agency that oversees the certification process for therapeutic recreation professionals?

The National Council for Therapeutic Recreation Certification

Why is credentialing important?

It enhances the credibility of the profession

It allows others to distinguish between those who have and have not attained competence

It protects clients and consumers from getting services that are not of quality

The primary national credential for therapeutic recreation specialists is what?

certification

What do you need to receive and keep the credential of CTRS?

Pass a certification exam

Pay an annual registration fee

The leisure ability approach to therapeutic recreation involves what three phases?

Treatment/therapy, leisure education, and recreation participation

Labels that refer to a disability can have both positives and negatives such as:

They can facilitate communication among professionals

They can lead to generalizations regarding the extent of one’s disability

They can overshadow the strengths of a person

The philosophy that we should treat each person as a unique human being with the potential to grow, rather than focusing on individual differences and limitations, is referred to as

Person-fitst philosophy

People with disabilities take an emotional, social, and psychological risk when choosing to participate in inclusive rather than separate recreation programs.  Creating social acceptance, belonging, and a feeling that one is valued as a participant is called

Social inclusion

Making adaptations to an activity only when absolutely necessary fosters what?

The least restrictive environment

“I work with people with disabilities” instead of “I work with the disabled, or I work with the handicapped, or I work with the retarded” is an example of 

Person-first language

Approximately one-third of all therapeutic recreation patients are receiving care in

Psychiatric facilities

The provision of short-term care for serious health concerns is done at

Acute care hospitals

According to NCTRC, approximately 40% of CTRSs work in

Hospitals

As of 2005, the average stay in an acute care hospital was 

4.8 days

Municipal therapeutic recreation settings and programs have become

More common in recent years

The health protection–health promotion model was developed in an effort to align therapeutic recreation practice more specifically with

Health care delivery systems

Leisure education is a specified component of 

The leisure ability model

Recreation or other activities used to help clients meet therapeutic goals are called

treatment modalities

The most popular modality for the older adult population is

music

Community reintegration involves planned client visits into the community and is most often used during

impatient care

The modality of _________________is desirable because it can address client self-esteem, as well as other client goals.

arts and crafts

The first stage/step of the recreation therapy process is _____________, the second is ____________, the third is ________________, and the fourth is ________________

Assessment

Planning

Implementation

Evaluation

The stage/step in the recreation therapy process that involves writing goals and objectives for clients is

Planning

The stage/step in the recreation therapy process that involves debriefing experiences with clients is 

implementation

Evaluation can be used to 

Determine client progress during or after a program

Document outcomes related to participation in a program

Reasons for conducting a client assessment are

Enabling communication with other professionals

Determining overall program effectiveness

Meeting requirements of external agencies such as CMS (Center for Medicaid and Medicare Services) 

Interviews conducted by a recreation therapy specialist typically

Are broad, but focus primarily on leisure-related issues

The most appropriate things to assess through observation are

Actual visible behavior, like motor skills

The document outlining client strengths, weaknesses, limitations, goals, and objectives regarding therapeutic recreation services is referred to as

an individualized program plan

objectives are

Measurable criteria for determining when a goal is met

“During evening activities, the client will initiate conversation with at least three different people.” In this example, 

the objective is written correctly

Consider this client objective: “The client will maintain appropriate social behavior when attending public events.” In this example, 

The criteria are not specified

Consider this client objective: “While participating in the Special Olympics, the client will succeed 80% of the time.” In this example

The behavior is not correct

Each client goal is usually accompanied by ______________ objectives.

3 to 5

Task analysis

Breaks a task down into its component parts, can be used as an assessment tool, and can be used to identify any need for adaptation

What occurs during the planning stage/step of the recreation therapy process?

Activity analysis, task analysis and identification of necessary activity modifications

Examples of technical skills are

Completing evaluation forms

Proper use and maintenance of equipment

Demonstrating proper technique for dribbling a basketball

Evaluation should

Be planned out before the program starts 

Should be consistent with client goals and objectives

Programs that use leisure as a therapy tool can ultimately lead to enhanced __________

leisure functioning

The primary credentialing system for therapeutic recreation specialists is based on _________________.

certification

The primary code of ethics used by therapeutic recreation professionals was developed by ________

ATRA

Consulting other professionals regarding ethical dilemmas is ____________________ because it gives you other viewpoints

Highly recommended

_________________________is a primary example of how professionals can participate in professional development.

Conference attendance

Making _________________ _____________ during an activity can lead to overreliance on equipment or other people

Unnecessary adaptations

Viewing persons with disabilities as superheroes for being able to succeed despite their disabilities is _________ an example of person-first philosophy

Not

The language we use in our daily lives contributes to the ________________ we have toward disabilities.

attitudes

Patient stays in hospitals have gotten increasingly shorter; _______________ the amount of time a CTRS has to work with the patient.

reducing

The majority of people who receive psychiatric care and psychological counseling do so on an __________________ basis.

Outpatient

Therapeutic recreation professionals often work in partnership with occupational therapists or physical therapists in __________________________

Rehabilitation centers

It is _____________________ that each modality that a therapeutic recreation professional chooses to implement be mastered as a part of his or her college training.  Many modalities are learned on the job.

not necessary

Reading previously conducted assessments _______________ because it helps inform you about your client and what his/her needs and issues may be.

is desirable

___________________________ focuses on general abilities needed to participate in an activity, whereas ______________________ breaks a task down into a series of sequential behaviors required to complete the task

Activity analysis

Task analysis

Although the four stages/steps of the therapeutic recreation process _______________________ and generally proceed in that order, ________________________________________________

Are in a particular order

It is possible for some movement out of order, and the steps often overlap each other

Therapeutic recreation professionals typically work in situations where they must ________________ with professionals specializing in other areas.

collaborate

philosophy

deals with assumption, truths and fundamental principles used as a foundation for building a theoretical explanation

Rationalism

is the philosophy that people should only trust things of the mind.

Empiricism

is the philosophy that knowledge should only be gained through direct experience

Existentialism

is a combination of both rationalism and empiricism.  Experience includes passion, intensity, suffering and anguish

Life Scheme

ties our past, present and future into a logical whole oriented around life goals

Existential Vacuum

is the alternative to finding meaning

Flow

is a peak experience where you match skills with a particular challenge

Theory

is an explanation for some aspect of a body of knowledge

Competence

is the ability to effectively control one’s own environment

Effectance

is the feeling or perception of control that results when interactions with the environment are successful. 

Learned Helplessness

is the result of repeated failures where the person gives up and believes that nothing they do will make a difference

Modality

is another word for a technique or method.

Name and explain the two defining characteristics of therapeutic recreation

Therapeutic recreation always involves a leisure element, either as the basis of intervention or the targeted goal. Therapeutic recreation is also always purposeful, meaning it targets a pre-designated outcome relevant to client goals.

Name two different ways that a practicing professional might earn continuing education units

Conferences

Classes

Give one example of inappropriate terminology and one example of appropriate terminology when referring to persons with disabilities using person-first

The blind man = The man who is blind

The autistic boy = The boy with autism

List the 3 elements of the leisure ability model

Treatment or Functional Intervention

Leisure Education

Recreation Participation

List and briefly describe each of the four stages/steps of the recreation therapy process. 

Assessment-gather information about client.  Client is primary source.  Family, friends, medical charts, etc… are secondary sources.  Learn about client’s strengths and weaknesses in the five domains.

Planning-take the info gathered in the assessment.  Determine strengths and weaknesses.  Prioritize a few areas to work on.  Write goals and objective.  Put together treatment plan.  Do activity and task analysis.

Implementation-put the plan into action.  Document client’s progress.

Evaluation-see if the plan worked.  Did the client meet the goals and objectives?  Reassess, discharge or make new goals and objectives.

Documentation-extra credit

List the five domains we assess

Physical, emotional/psychological, cognitive, social, and spirtual

There are several theories associated with TR/RT.  Please list 1 of these and describe it in some  detail

Competence

Differentiate between a task analysis and an activity analysis

Task analysis breaks down a task (or chore) into its component parts so you can teach the client the steps to complete the task.  An activity analysis breaks down an activity into its component parts by the domains so we can identify if a client is capable of participating or if they may need adaptations.