Purines vs Pyrimidines

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Last updated 10:06 PM on 10/8/26
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7 Terms

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Purines

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Pyrimidines

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Adenine

Features an amino group (-NH₂) attached to the ring, but lacks a carbonyl oxygen.

<p>Features an amino group (-NH₂) attached to the ring, but lacks a carbonyl oxygen.</p>
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Guanine

Differs from adenine by having a carbonyl group (=O) and an amino group on its ring system.

<p>Differs from adenine by having a carbonyl group (=O) and an amino group on its ring system.</p>
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Cytosine

Contains a single carbonyl group and an amino group on its single ring.

<p>Contains a single carbonyl group and an amino group on its single ring.</p>
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Uracil

Structurally identical to thymine, except it lacks the methyl group (-CH₃) at the fifth carbon (making it cheaper for cells to produce for temporary RNA messages)

<p>Structurally identical to thymine, except it lacks the methyl group (-CH₃) at the fifth carbon (making it cheaper for cells to produce for temporary RNA messages)</p>
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Thymine

Features two carbonyl groups and a distinct methyl group (-CH₃) at the fifth carbon position. This methyl tag helps protect and stabilize DNA.

<p>Features two carbonyl groups and a distinct methyl group (-CH₃) at the fifth carbon position. This methyl tag helps protect and stabilize DNA.</p>