upper limb muscles/joints/movements
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70 Terms
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
rhomboideous major muscle
proximal attachment: spinous processes T1-T5
distal attachment: inferior half of the medial border of the scapula
FUNC: adduction, downward rotation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
rhomboideus minor muscle
proximal: spinous processes C7-T1
distal: medial border of scapula
FUNC: adduction (retractor)
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
levator scapulae muscle
proximal: transverse processes C1-C4
distal: superior angle of scapula
FUNC: elevation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
what is special about the origin of this muscle? what is it innervated by?
scapular sling muscles
trapezius muscle
proximal: occipital bone & spinous processes C7-T12
distal: spine of scapula, acromion of scapula, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
FUNC: adduction of scapula, upward rotation, elevation
the trapezius comes from the lateral head mesiderm
innervated by the cranial nerve
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
serratus anterior muscle
proximal: lateral surface of ribs 1-8 or 9
distal: anterior surface of medial border of scapula
FUNC: abduction, upward rotation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
pectoralis minor muscle
proximal: anterior end of ribs 3-5
distal: coracoid process of scapula
FUNC: abduction, downward rotation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
scapular sling muscles
subclavius muscle
proximal: anterior end of rib 1
distal: inferior surface of mid-clavicle
FUNC: downward rotation
what is the goal of all the scapular sling muscles
stabilize scapula
annex the scapula and clavicle
what type of joint is the shoulder
what are its articulations
what is the ligament
ball & socket (most mobile joint)
articulations: glenoid cavity, head of the humerus
encapsular ligament
name
flexion
name
extension
name
abduction
name
adduction
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
rotator cuff muscles (which are the deepest muscles of the shoulder joint)
supraspinatus muscle
proximal: supraspinous fossa of scapula
distal: greater tubercle of humerus
func: shoulder abduction
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
rotator cuff muscles (deepest muscles of the shoulder joint)
proximal: infraspinous fossa of scapula
distal: greater tubercle of humerus
FUNC: lateral rotation of shoulder (always name the joint that is moving, this is moving the shoulder joint)
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
rotator cuff muscles (deepest of the shoulder joint)
teres minor muscle
proximal: lateral border of scapula
distal: greater tubercle of humerus
FUNC: lateral rotation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
subscapularis muscle
proximal: subscapular fossa
distal: lesser tubercle of humerus
FUNC: medial rotation
explain the similarities of the 4 rotator cuff muscles
do the mnemonic for the roator cuff muscles
all 4 distal attachments are to the tubercles of the humerus
the 3 posterior rotator cuff muscles (supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor) all are distally attached to the greater tubercle of the humerus
the 1 anterior rotator cuff muscle is distally attached to the lesser tubercle of the humerus
SITs
—supraspinatus muscles (posterior)
—infraspinatus muscle (posterior)
—teres minor muscle (posterior)
—subscapularis muscle (anterior)
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
shoulder cap
deltoid muscle
proximal: spine of scapula, acromion of scapula, lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
distal: deltoid tuberosity
FUNC: (every shoulder action EXCEPT adduction) so, lateral rotation, medial rotation, shoulder flexion, shoulder extension, abduction
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
intertubercular groove muscles
pectoralis major muscle
proximal: medial half of clavicle, lateral part of sternum
distal: intertubercular groove of humerus
FUNC: medial rotation of shoulder, adduct shoulder, flexion of shoulder
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
intertubecular groove muscles
teres major muscle
proximal: inferior angle of scapula
distal: intertuburcular groove of scapula
FUNC: adduction of shoulder, extension of shoulder, medial rotation
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
intertuburcular groove muscle group
latissimus dorsi muscle
proximal: spinous processes T7-sacrum, posterior iliac crest
distal: intertubercular groove of humerus
FUNC: adduction of shoulder, extension of shoulder, medial rotation of shoulder
name the joint
elbow joint
—humeroulnar joint
name the joint
elbow joint
—humeroradial joint
name the joint
elbow joint
—proximal radioulnar joint
name and articulations
elbow joint
—humeroulnar joint (right)(not anatomically)
trochlea of humerus, trochlear notch of ulna
—proximal radioulnar joint (middle)
radial notch, head of radius
—humeroradial joint (left)
head of radius, capitulum of humerus
name
capsular ligament
—fibrous layer of synovial joint capsule
name
ulnar collateral ligament
—limiting ROM (preventing the elbow from adduction/abduction)
name
radial collateral ligament
—limit ROM (prevent elbow from abduction/adduction)
name
annular ligament of radius
—secures articulations
—attaches to ulna and goes around radial head and attaches to posterior ulna
name
pronation (ulna remains stationary, radius crosses)
name
supination
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
anterior compartment of brachial muscles
coracobrachialis muscle
proximal: coracoid process of scapula
distal: medial mid-humerus
FUNC: flexion of shoulder
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
anterior compartment of brachium
brachialis muscle
proximal: anterior distal half of humerus
distal: ulnar tuberosity
FUNC: flexion of the elbow (largest and most forceful-unsung hero)
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
anterior compartment of brachial muscles
biceps brachii
proximal: coracoid process of the scapula (short head), goes through the intertubercular groove of humerus and attaches to the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula (long head)
distal: radial tuberosity
FUNC: shoulder flexion, elbow flexion, supination (most forceful supinator)
what is this part of
name
proximal/distal attachments
func
posterior compartment of the brachium
triceps brachii
proximal: infraglenoid tubercle (1), posterior surface of the humerus (2,3)
distal: olecranon process of the ulna (remember that this muscle is in the posterior compartment)
what is the axilla
what are the boundaries
what are the contents
axilla: pyramid shaped fat pad UNDER the armpit (have to dissect away armpit)
boundaries:
anterior wall: pectoralis major muscle
posterior wall: latissimus dorsi muscle
contents: brachial plexus, axillary artery/vein
what are we looking at here
superficial veins of the brachium
—basilic vein (more medial)
—cephalic vein
—median cubital vein (bridge between basilic and cephalic)
how does blood flow in the brachium
***blood is supplied through main arteries (what you previously knew), and comes back through either main or superficial veins
***blood ONLY flows from the cephalic vein into the basilic vein (from ceiling to basement)
what are the movements of the wrist joint
radial deviation (towards radius-thumb)
ulnar deviation (towards ulna)
what is this and what movements can they do
metacarpophalangeal joints
—flexion, extension, abduction, adduction
what are these and what movements can they do
interplalangeal joints (proximal & distal)
—flexion, extension
what is this and what can it do
carpometacarpal joint
—flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, opposition (swing thumb out), reposition
what is this and what can it do
metacarpophalangeal joint
—flexion, extension
what is this and what can it do
interphalangeal joint
—flexion, extension
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior antebrachial compartment muscles (superficial part)
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: pronation
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior antebrachial compartment muscles (superficial)
flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: flex wrist, radial deviation of wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antibrachium (superficial part)
palmaris longus muscle
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
(also attaches to palmar aponeurosis)
FUNC: flex wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antebrachium
flexor carpi ulnaris muscle
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: flex wrist, ulnar deviation of wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antebrachium (superficial part)
flexor digitorum superficialis muscle
proximal: medial epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: flex fingers (4), flex wrist (muscles have actions in every joint they cross)
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antebrachium (deep part-don’t need to know any attachments-deep breath here you can do this)
flexor digitorum profundus muscle (profound=deep)
—splits into 4 tendons (go all the way to distal phalynx)
FUNC: flex fingers (4), flex wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antebrachium (deep part)
flexor pollicis longus muscle
FUNC: flex thumb (pull across palm), flex wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
anterior compartment of antebrachium (deep part)
pronator quadratus muscle'
FUNC: pronation
what does the ulnar nerve innervate
fingers (funny bone application)
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
this is an anterior and posterior view
posterior compartment of antebrachium (superficial part)
proximal: lateral epicondyle
FUNC: flex elbow
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of the antebrachium (superficial part)
extensor carpi radialis longus muscle (look it has radius in the name)
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: extend wrist, radial deviation of the wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of antebrachium (superficial part)
extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: extend wrist, radial deviation of the wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of antebrachium (superficial part)
extensor digitorum muscle (look it says digitorum=digits 2-5=fingers)
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: extension of fingers (the 4), extend wrist
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of antebrachium (superficial part)
extensor digiti minimi muscle
proximal: lateral epicondyle of humerus
FUNC: extends digit 5, wrist extension
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of the antebrachium (superficial part)
extensor carpi ulnaris muscle
proximal: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
FUNC: extend wrist, ular deviation of wrist (this means moving the wrist to the ulnar side)
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of the antebrachium (superficial part)
supinator muscle
proximal: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
FUNC: supinates antebrachium
what is this part of
name
proximal attachment
func
posterior compartment of the antebrachium (superficial part)
anconeus muscle
proximal: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
FUNC: extension of antebrachium (helps triceps brachii)(1st one activiated when we extend out elbow)
what is this part of
name
func
posterior compartment of the antebrachium (deep part)
abductor pollicis longus muscle
FUNC: abducts thumb
what is this part of
name
func
posterior compartment of the forearm (deep part)
extensor pollicis longus muscle
FUNC: extends the thumb (digit 1)
what is this part of
name
func
posterior compartment of the forearm (deep part)
extensor pollicis brevis muscle (only goes to the proximal phaylynx) (brevis=short)
FUNC: extension of thumb (digit 1)
what is this part of
name
func
posterior compartment of the forearm (deep part)
extensor indicis muscle (indicis=intex finger=digit 2)
FUNC: extend index finger
what is this part of
name
func
muscles of the hand-hypothenar muscles (which means on the little finger side=ulnar side)
abductor digiti minimi muscle
FUNC: abduction of digit 5
what is this part of
name
func
muscles of the hand-hypothenar muscles
flexor digiti minimi muscle
FUNC: flex digit 5
what is this part of
name
func
muscles of the hand-hypothenar muscles
opponens digiti minimi muscle
FUNC: pulls digit 5 towards digit 1 (pinki to thumb), opposition of digit 5 (func)
what is this part of
name
func
muscles of the hand-hypothenar muscle (ulnar side-closer to pinki)
palmaris brevis
FUNC: grip, grasping objects