Spinal, Brain, Cranial Nerves & Sensory Systems: Prelab Review

Which is the most superficial membrane of the meninges?

a. Subarachnoid space b. Pia mater c. Arachnoid mater d. Dura mater

Dura mater.

The inferior end of the adult spinal cord terminates:

a. Just inferior to L1 b. Inferior to L5 c. In the sacrum d. In the coccyx

just inferior to L1.

The posterior root of spinal nerves contains:

a. Interneurons b. Sensory neurons c. Motor neurons d. Sensory and motor neurons

sensory neurons.

Which of the following is not part of the gray matter of the spinal cord?

a. Gray commissure b. Posterior horn c. Lateral funiculus d. Lateral horn

The lateral funiculus

The central canal of the spinal cord is located within the:

a. White matter b. Epidural space c. Gray commissure d. Subarachnoid space

gray commissure.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flows within the:

a. Epidural space b. Subarachnoid space c. Subdural space d. Dural sheath

subarachnoid space.

The brachial plexus is formed from components of spinal nerves C5-T1.

a. True b. False

True.

There are eight pairs of cervical spinal nerves.

a. True b. False

True.

The major ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) tracts compose the gray matter of the spinal cord.

a. True b. False

False

Each hemisphere of the cerebrum regulates:

a. Motor functions on the opposite side of the body b. Motor functions on the same side of the body c. Only functions within the brain d. Only functions within the spinal cord

motor functions on the opposite side of the body.

There are ___ pairs of cranial nerves.

a. 2 b. 12 c. 31 d. 43

12 CN

Which of the following is not part of the brainstem?

a. Midbrain b. Pons c. Medulla oblongata d. Thalamus

The thalamus

The ___ is the deep lobe of the cerebrum.

a. Temporal b. Insula c. Parietal d. Occipital

The insula

The ___ separates the precentral and postcentral gyri.

a. Central sulcus b. Parieto-occipital sulcus c. Lateral sulcus d. Longitudinal fissure

The central sulcus

The falx cerebri extends into the ___ that separates the two cerebral hemispheres.

a. Central sulcus b. Lateral sulcus c. Transverse fissure d. Longitudinal fissure

ongitudinal fissure.

The cranial meninges include the dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater.

a. True b. False

True.

Ventricles of the brain contain cerebrospinal fluid.

a. True b. False

True.

Functions of the cerebellum include reasoning, memory, and regulation of body temperature.

a. True b. False

False

The spinal cord of the sheep has a ___ orientation.

a. Vertical b. Transverse c. Horizontal d. Sagittal

vertical orientation.

The gyri and sulci of the sheep brain possess the closely attached:

a. Pia mater b. Arachnoid mater c. Subarachnoid space d. Dura mater

pia mater.

By bending the cerebellum and medulla oblongata downward, the ___ should be visible.

a. Vagus nerve b. Optic nerve c. Pituitary gland d. Pineal gland

d. Pineal gland

The sheep brain has ___ pairs of attached cranial nerves.

a. 2 b. 10 c. 12 d. 31

12 pairs

The superior and inferior colliculi compose the:

a. Pineal gland b. Corpora quadrigemina c. Cerebrum d. Cerebellum

corpora quadrigemina.

The thin covering seen on the surface of the sheep brain is the:

a. Pia mater b. Arachnoid mater c. Dura mater d. Dural septa

pia mater.

The sheep brain has ___ ventricles.

a. 1 b. 3 c. 2 d. 4

4 ventricles.

Sulci and gyri are surface features of the cerebrum of the sheep brain.

a. True b. False

True.

The cerebellum of the sheep brain has deep gray matter and superficial white matter.

a. True b. False

True.

General senses include all of the following except:

a. Touch b. Vision c. Temperature d. Pain

vision.

Thermoreceptors are associated with:

a. Deep pressure b. Light touch c. Temperature d. Tissue trauma

temperature.

When receptors are continuously stimulated, the sensations may fade away; this phenomenon is known as:

a. Tolerance b. Perception c. Adaptation d. Fatigue

adaptation.

Encapsulated nerve endings include:

a. Tactile corpuscles b. Pain receptors c. Cold receptors d. Warm receptors

tactile corpuscles.

A lamellated corpuscle is stimulated by:

a. Light touch b. Deep pressure c. Warm temperatures d. Cold temperatures

deep pressure.

Determining the area of the body that has been touched is called:

a. Touch localization b. Two-point threshold c. Proprioception d. Discrimination

touch localization.

Free nerve endings function as pain, warm, and cold receptors.

a. True b. False

True.

Lamellated corpuscles are located in the epidermis of the skin.

a. True b. False

False

The cornea and sclera compose the ___ layer.

a. Outer b. Middle c. Inner d. Gel

outer layer.

We are able to see color because the eye contains:

a. Melanin b. An optic disc c. Rods d. Cones

cones.

The perception of vision occurs in the:

a. Optic nerve b. Occipital lobe of the cerebrum c. Retina d. Frontal lobe of the cerebrum

ccipital lobe of the cerebrum.

Which of the following is not part of the middle eye layer?

a. Choroid b. Conjunctiva c. Ciliary body d. Iris

The conjunctiva

The area of our eye where visual acuity is best is the:

a. Macula lutea b. Optic disc c. Fovea centralis d. Pupil

fovea centralis.

The vitreous humor of the eye:

a. Is located in the anterior cavity b. Is a clear, watery fluid c. Holds the retina in place d. Holds the lens in place

holds the retina in place.

Which of the following extrinsic skeletal muscles rotates the eyeball superiorly and medially?

a. Superior rectus b. Superior oblique c. Inferior rectus d. Inferior oblique

The superior rectus

The conjunctiva covers the superficial surface of the cornea.

a. True b. False

True.

Tears from the lacrimal gland eventually flow through a nasolacrimal duct into the nasal cavity.

a. True b. False

True.

Hearing is interpreted in the ___ lobe of the cerebrum.

a. Frontal b. Occipital c. Parietal d. Temporal

temporal lobe

Sound loudness is measured in:

a. Pitch b. Frequencies c. Decibels d. Hertz

decibels.

The middle ear bones articulate from the tympanic membrane to the oval window in which sequence?

a. Malleus, incus, stapes b. Incus, stapes, malleus c. Stapes, malleus, incus d. Malleus, stapes, incus

malleus, incus, stapes.

The ___ test is done to assess possible conduction deafness by comparing bone and air conduction.

a. Weber b. Rinne c. Auditory acuity d. Sound localization

The Rinne test

Which of the following structures is part of the inner ear?

a. Tympanic membrane b. Cochlea c. Stapes d. Pharyngotympanic tube

The cochlea

The pharyngotympanic tube connects the outer ear to the inner ear.

a. True b. False

False

The cochlear nerve serves as the hearing branch of the vestibulocochlear nerve.

a. True b. False

True.

Endolymph is located within the cochlear duct of the cochlea.

a. True b. False

True.

The sense organs associated with equilibrium are within the:

a. Outer ear b. Middle ear c. Inner ear d. Tympanic membrane

inner ear.

The ___ nerve conducts impulses associated with equilibrium.

a. Trochlear b. Trigeminal c. Facial d. Vestibulocochlear

The vestibulocochlear

Hair cell receptors associated with dynamic equilibrium are located within the:

a. Utricle b. Crista ampullaris c. Saccule d. Cochlea

crista ampullaris.

Otoliths are composed of:

a. Calcium carbonate b. Carbon c. Bone tissue d. Stereocilia

calcium carbonate.

Which of the following is not associated with rotational movements?

a. Crista ampullaris b. Otoliths c. Ampulla d. Semicircular duct

Otoliths

Eye twitching movements characteristic during rotational movements are called nystagmus.

a. True b. False

True.

Otoliths are located within the semicircular ducts of the inner ear.

a. True b. False

False

The sense of equilibrium depends on conscious awareness of body position and movements.

a. True b. False

True.