Ethics Exam 2

According to Fagothey, which of the following is essential to lying?

A willful disagreement between one's speech and thought

According to Fagothey, what is the primary natural purpose of speech?

To communicate thought

According to Fagothey, which of the following is an example of deception without lying?

Using a military maneuver to mislead an enemy

According to Fagothey, one's own death may be permitted as a consequence of an action, but it must not be…

intended

According to Fagothey, the organs and members of the body exist primarily for the good of __

the whole organism

According to Fagothey, lethal force may be used to defend material goods of __

great value

According to Fagothey, defending others is a duty for __

custodians

How does Fagothey define "infanticide"?

The killing of an infant already born

According to Fagothey, what is an "induced abortion"?

A voluntary abortion

The ancient Greek philosopher _____ argued that virtues are a golden mean of "just enough," between twin vices of "too much" and "too little."

Aristotle

According to natural law theory, it is _____ permissible to choose an action that has bad consequences.

sometimes

According to natural law theory, choosing directly against a basic good is _____.

always wrong

Onora O'Neill treats the maxim and the intention of an action as ____

basically equivalent

Which normative ethical theory is a version of deontology

Kantian ethics, Rossian intuitionism

Which of the following is the name W. D. Ross gives to the duty to upset distributions of pleasure or happiness that don't accord with merit

justice

You see a lost child crying in a grocery store. Which of Ross's prima facie duties applies here?

beneficence

Which of the following is an act utilitarian likely to endorse?

ommit adultery if and only if this has the best consequences

Which of the following is an act utilitarian likely to endorse?

Killing is right if and only if it has the best consequences.

According to Harry Gensler, moral intuitions _____ from social conditioning.

come largely

Intuitionism is a _____.

metaethical theory

According to subjectivism, you should pick your moral principles by _____.

following your feelings

The following question belongs to which area of philosophy?

What makes an argument good?

logic

comma splice

a sentence that has two complete thoughts that are joined together by just a comma.

According to Fagothey, why does lying violate the natural law?

Because it frustrates the primary natural purpose of speech

According to Fagothey, people are _____ to preserve their health by extraordinary means

not obliged

According to Fagothey, unnecessary mutilation is _____

morally wrong

According to Fagothey, honor and reputation are goods that _

never justify lethal force

According to Fagothey, which of the following can be morally permissible if it satisfies the doctrine of double effect?

Indirect abortion

According to Fagothey, which of the following is never morally permissible

Direct abortion

A solider throws herself on a live grenade to protect others. According to the doctrine of double effect, this action is morally ___

permissible

Which formulation of Kant's categorical imperative is the focus of the paper we read by Onora O'Neill?

Formula of the End in Itself

Rossian intuitionism is a version of ___

deontology

Which of the following philosophers is a proponent of utilitarianism?

John Stuart Mill

Which of the following philosophers is a proponent of intuitionism? (Choose two!

G. E. Moore, W. D. Ross

How does Ima Supernaturalist define "God"?

The all-powerful, all-knowing Creator of the world

In philosophy, an argument is logically sound when ____

the conclusion follows from the premises, the premises are true