Endocrine and Lymphatic lab exam

what type of leukocyte is this?

neutrophil

what is the neutrophils function?

attacks bacteria

what type of leukocyte is this?

lymphocyte

what is the lymphocytes function?

specific immune response

what type of leukocyte is this?

eosinophil

what is the eosinophil’s function?

targets parasites and causes allergies

what type of leukocyte is this?

monocyte

what is the monocytes function?

immune response via phagocytosis

what is the monocyte special function?

can enter tissues and become macrophages

what leukocyte is a adaptive response cell instead of a innate immune response one?

lymphocyte, B and T cells

Which leukocytes are granulocytes?

neutrophils, basophils, and eosinophils

which leukocytes are agranulocytes?

lymphocytes and monocytes

what is the blue circled area?

hypothalamus, master regulating gland

what hormones are produced by the hypothalamus?

peptide, ADH, and oxytocin

what is the yellow inciated gland?

pituitary gland

what is the green highlighted part of the pituitary gland?

posterior pituitary

what is the yellow highlighted part of the pituitary gland

anterior pituitary

what are 5 of the 7 hormones are released by the anterior pituitary?

thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin

what hormones are produced/stored by the para nervousa?

oxytocin and ADH

what is this a histological image of?

pituitary gland

what is the purple area?

paras tubularis

what is the blue area?

para nervosa

what is the yellow area?

para distalis

what is the green circled structure?

thyroid

what is the thyroids function?

regulates metabolism

what is this a histological image of?

thyroid

what are the yellow highlighted circles?

colloid

what does the colloid store?

thyroid globin

what does the colloid produce?

thyroid hormone

what are the red circled cells?

follicular cells

what are the green circled cells?

c cells

what do the c cells produce?

calcitonin

what glands are circled in green?

parathyroid gland

parathyroid hormone (PTH) function?

increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclasts

what is the bridge between the left and right thyroid called?

isthmus

what is the red circled gland?

thymus

what does the thymus secrete?

thymosin

what cells does the thymus stimulate?

T cells

what is the hormonal function of the heart?

releases atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP)

atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) function?

reduces blood pressure by inhbiting ADH

what is this gland?

pancreas

pancrease function?

produces digestive hormones

what is this a histological image of?

pancreas

what are the yellow circled areas called?

islets

what is all the area around the yellow circled ones called?

acinar

islet fucntion?

endocrine, produces insulin and glucagon

acinar function?

exocrine, digestive enzymes

what is the circled gland?

adrenal gland

what is this a histological image of?

adrenal gland

what is the light green line indicating?

capsule

what structure are the yellow lines highlighting?

cortex

what is the purple layer of the cortex?

zona glomerulosa

what hormone is released by zona glomerulosa?

aldosterone

what is the dark green indicated area?

zona fasciculata

what hormone is released by the zona fasciculata?

glucocorticoids and cortisol, metabolism and stress hormone

what is the blue layer of the cortex?

zona reticularis

what hormone is released by the zona reticularis?

androgens, sex hormone

what is the red circled area?

medulla

what hormones are produced by the medulla

epinephrine and norepinephrine

what is epinephrine and norepinephrine?

excitatory neurotransmitters that function stress

what is the circled endocrine structure?

ovary

what hormone is released by the ovary?

progesterone

what is the endocrine structure pictured?

testes

what hormones target the gonads?

LH, FSH, and oxytocin(ovaries)

are neutrophils phagocytic?

true

are monocytes phagocytic?

true

what cells are produced by lymphocytes?

B, C, and natural killer cells

what hormone targets the thyroid?

TSH

what cells do the follicular cells produce and what do they do?

T3 and T4, regulate metabolism

hormones secreted by the kidneys?

renin (increases blood pressure), calcitriol (increases blood calcium by via intestinal absorption)

what is the pancreas main function?

regulate blood glucose

what cells create insulin?

beta cells

what cells create glucagon?

alpha cells

what hormone targets the adrenal gland? (zona fasciculata)

ACTH

what type of hormones are aldosterone, glucocorticoids, and androgens?

steroids

what kind of hormones are epinephrine and norepinephrine?

catecholamines

what is this a histological image of?

tonsil

what are the blue circled areas?

germinal centers

what is found in the germinal centers?

B cells (dividing leukocytes)

what are the pink circled structures?

lymph node nodules

what are the 3 tonsil sites?

pharyngeal, palatine, and lingual

what is this a histological image of?

thymus

what is the blue indicated area and what is it the site of?

cortex, site of T cell maturation

what is the yellow indicated area and its site function?

medulla, entering and exit point for cells

what is the green circled structures?

hassall’s corpuscles

what is this a image of?

lymph node

what is the yellow area?

subcapsular space

what is inside the subcapsular space?

dendritic cells and macrophages

what is the red area and whats inside it?

cortex, B cells

what is the blue area and whats inside it?

paracortex, T cells

what is the purple space?

medulla

what is inside the medulla?

B cells, plasma cells, and macrophages

what is the dark green area?

subscapular space

what is this a histological image of?

spleen

what is the spleens function?

filtering blood

what region are the yellow arrows pointing at and what is located there?

red pulp, red blood cells

what region is circled in purple and what is located there?

white pulp, white blood cells

what type of leukocyte is pictured?

basophil

basophil function?

inflammation by secreting heparin and histamines

what is this a histological image of?

small intestine