Zeitlin's Top 200: Drug Deckade 6

LISINOPRIL.

Hypertension.

(Prinivil, Qbrelis, Zestril.)

MOA: ACE inhibitor.

ADR: CV, CNS, Renal.

BW: Pregnancy.

DI: Orthostatic hypotension, dry cough.

LEVOTHYROXINE.

Hypothyroid.

(Euthyrox, Synthroid, Tirosint.)

MOA: Hormone replacement.

ADR: Broad systemic, hyperthyroidism

BW: Weight loss.

DI: n/a

ATORVASTATIN.

Hyperlipidemia.

(Lipitor.)

MOA: HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor.

ADR: GI, Neuromuscular, respiratory.

BW: n/a

DI: Muscle weakness.

METFORMIN.

Diabetes.

(Fortamet, Glucophage, Riomet.)

MOA: Biguanide, Glucophage.

ADR: GI, Infection.

BW: Lactic Acidosis.

DI: Dysgeusia.

SIMVASTATIN.

Hyperlipidemia.

(FloLipid, Zocor.)

MOA: HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor.

ADR: GI, CNS, respiratory.

BW: n/a

DI: Muscle weakness.

OMEPRAZOLE.

Reflux disease, ulcer.

(Prilosec.)

MOA: Proton Pump Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI, carcinoma.

BW: n/a

DI: Dysgeusia, dry mouth, candidiasis.

AMLODIPINE BESYLATE.

Hypertension.

(Katerzia, Norliqva, Norvasc.)

MOA: Calcium Channel Blocker.

ADR: CV, respiratory. Dry cough

BW: n/a.

DI: Reversible gingival hyperplasia.

METOPROLOL.

Hypertension.

(Kapspargo Sprinkle, Lopressor, Toprol XL.)

MOA: Beta Blocker.

ADR: CV, Dermatologic.

BW: Ischemic Heart Disease on withdrawal.

DI: Reduced efficacy with long-term NSAID use.

ACETAMINOPHEN/HYDROCODONE.

Pain.

(Lorcet, Lortab, Norco.)

MOA: Analgesic/Opioid.

ADR: CV, CNS, respiratory, hepatic.

BW: Respiratory depression, addiction, hepatotoxicity.

DI: APAP and warfarin increased bleeding.

ALBUTEROL.

Asthma.

(ProAIR, Proventil, Ventolin.)

MOA: Beta-2 Agonist.

ADR: Respiratory, CNS, neuromuscular.

BW: n/a

DI: Xerostomia.

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE.

Hypertension.

(Microzide.)

MOA: Diuretic.

ADR: CV, Endocrine.

BW: n/a

DI: Orthostatic hypotension.

LOSARTAN.

Hypertension.

(Cozaar.)

MOA: Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker.

ADR: CV, CNS, Respiratory.

BW: Pregnancy.

DI: Orthostatic hypotension.

GABAPENTIN.

Seizure, TMD.

(Gralise, Neurontin.)

MOA: GABA analogue.

ADR: CNS, Viral infection.

BW: n/a

DI: Xerostomia, dry throat, dental abnormality.

SERTRALINE.

Depression.

(Zoloft.)

MOA: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, Increased bleeding with NSAID or warfarin.

FUROSEMIDE.

Hypertension.

(Lasix.)

MOA: Loop Diuretic.

ADR: CV, Endocrine.

BW: Electrolyte loss.

DI: Orthostatic hypotension.

ACETAMINOPHEN.

Pain.

(APAP, MAPAP, Nortemp, Panadol, Tylenol.)

MOA: Analgesic.

ADR: Endocrine, Renal.

BW: Hepatotoxicity.

DI: APAP and warfarin increased bleeding.

ATENOLOL.

Hypertension.

(Tenormin.)

MOA: Beta Blocker.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: Ischemic Heart Disease on withdrawal.

DI: Reduced efficacy with long-term NSAID use.

PRAVASTATIN.

Hyperlipidemia.

(Pravachol.)

MOA: HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: n/a

DI: Muscle weakness.

AMOXICILLIN.

Bacterial Infection.

(Moxatag.)

MOA: Antibiotic.

ADR: CV, GI, Dermatological.

BW: n/a

DI: Oral candidiasis.

FLUOXETINE.

Depression.

(Prozac, Sarafem.)

MOA: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, dysgeusia, bruxism, Increased bleeding with NSAID or warfarin.

CITALOPRAM.

Depression.

(CeleXA.)

MOA: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, abnormal taste.

TRAZODONE.

Depression.

(APO-Trazodone, JAMP-Trazodone, TEVA-Trazodone.)

MOA: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Significant xerostomia.

ALPRAZOLAM.

Anxiety.

(Alprazolam Intensol, Xanax.)

MOA: Benzodiazepine.

ADR: CNS.

BW: Respiratory depression, coma and death concomitant with Opioids.

DI: Significant xerostomia, changes in salivation.

FLUTICASONE.

Asthma maintenance control, rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis.

(ArmonAir, Flonase, Flovent, Ticaspray, Xhance.)

MOA: Corticosteroid.

ADR: CNS, Respiratory - sinusitis.

BW: n/a

DI: n/a

BUPROPION.

Depression, tobacco cessation.

(Aplenzin, Forfivo, Wellbutrin, Zyban.)

MOA: Dopamine/Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Abnormal taste, significant xerostomia.

CARVEDILOL.

Hypertension.

(Coreg.)

MOA: Beta Blocker.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: n/a

DI: Orthostatic hypotension, caution with long term NSAID use, periodontitis.

POTASSIUM CHLORIDE.

Electrolyte deficiency.

(K-Tab, Klor-Con.)

MOA: Potassium supplement.

ADR: Dermatologic, Endocrine.

BW: n/a

DI: n/a

TRAMADOL.

Pain.

(ConZip, Qdolo, Ultram.)

MOA: Analgesic/Opioid.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Respiratory depression.

DI: Xerostomia, changes in salivation.

PANTOPRAZOLE.

GERD.

(Protonix.)

MOA: Proton Pump Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS - headache.

BW: n/a

DI: Facial edema, xerostomia

MONTELUKAST.

Asthma.

(Singulair.)

MOA: Leukotriene receptor antagonist.

ADR: CNS, Dermatologic.

BW: Serious neuropsychiatric events, suicidal behaviour

DI: Dental pain.

ESCITALOPRAM.

Depression.

(Lexapro.)

MOA: Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, toothache.

PREDNISONE.

Inflammation.

(Intensol, Reyos.)

MOA: Corticosteroid.

ADR: CNS, Endocrine.

BW: n/a

DI: n/a

ROSUVASTATIN.

Hyperlipidemia.

(Crestor, Ezallor Sprinkle.)

MOA: HMG-CoA Reductase inhibitor.

ADR: Neuromuscular.

BW: n/a

DI: Muscle weakness, myopathy.

IBUPROFEN.

Inflammation, Pain.

(Advil, Caldolor, Motrin.)

MOA: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug.

ADR: CV, GI.

BW: Thrombotic events.

DI: Possible interference with CV effect of aspirin.

MELOXICAM.

Inflammation, Pain.

(Anjeso, Mobic, Qmiiz ODT, Vivlodex.)

MOA: Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Thrombotic events.

DI: Taste perversion, ulcerative stomatitis, and xerostomia.

INSULINE GLARGINE.

Diabetes.

(Basaglar, Lantus, Semglee, Toujeo.)

MOA: Long acting insulin supplement.

ADR: Primarily Hypoglycemia.

BW: n/a

DI: Morning appointments, confirm consumption of food prior to appointment to avoid hypoglycemia, Have glucose tablets available.

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE & LISINOPRIL.

Hypertension.

(Zestoretic.)

MOA: Diuretic, ACE inhibitor.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: Fetal Toxicity.

DI: Orthostatic hypotension, dizziness.

CLONAZEPAM.

Panic disorders, seizure disorders.

(Klonopin.)

MOA: Benzodiazepine Anxiolytic, GABA activation.

ADR: CNS.

BW: Respiratory depression, coma and death concomitant with Opioids.

DI: Xerostomia and changes in salivation, gum soreness, and coated tongue.

ASPIRIN.

Pain.

(Aspercin, Asper-low, Aspirtab, Buffasal, Bufferin, Durlaza, Ecotrin, Halfprin, Vazalore.)

MOA: Salicylate, cyclooxygenase inhibition.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: n/a

DI: Bleeding risk.

CLOPIDOGREL.

MI, stroke.

(Plavix.)

MOA: Antiplatelet.

ADR: Hematologic, Dermatologic.

BW: Poor antiplatelet effect in patients lacking funtional CYP2C19.

DI: Bleeding risk (recommend consult physician), postpone elective treatment until 1 year after stent implantation.

GLIPIZIDE.

Diabetes.

(Glucotrol.)

MOA: Sulfonylurea, stimulates insulin release.

ADR: CNS, Dermatologic.

BW: n/a

DI: Morning appointments, confirm consumption of food prior to appointment to avoid hypoglycemia. Have glucose tablets available.

WARFARIN.

Thromboembolic complications, MI.

(Coumadin, Jantoven.)

MOA: Anticoagulant.

ADR: Hematologic, CV.

BW: Bleeding Risk.

DI: Increased bleeding risk, mouth ulcers, and taste disturbances.

CYCLOBENZAPRINE.

Fibromyalgia, TMJ disorder, Pain.

(Amrix, Fexmid.)

MOA: CNS acting muscle relaxant, reduction of tonic somatic motor function.

ADR: CNS - drowsiness, dizziness, GI - xerostomia.

BW: n/a

DI: Xerostomia, changes in salivation.

INSULIN HUMAN.

Diabetes.

(Entuzity, Humulin, Novolin.)

MOA: Short acting insulin supplement.

ADR: CV, Endocrine.

BW: n/a

DI: Morning appointments, confirm consumption of food prior to appointment to avoid hypoglycemia. Have glucose tablets available.

TAMSULOSIN.

Urinary retention.

(Flomax.)

MOA: Alpha-1-Antagonist.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: n/a

DI: Orthostatic hypotension.

ZOLPIDEM.

Insomnia.

(Ambien, Edluar, Intermezzo, Zolpimist.)

MOA: GABA agonist.

ADR: CNS.

BW: n/a

DI: Xerostomia.

DULOXETINE.

Depression.

(Cymbalta, Drizalma Sprinkle.)

MOA: Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors.

ADR: CNS, GI.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, changes in salivation.

RANITIDINE. WITHDRAWN.

GERD, esophagitis, ulcers.

(Zantac C.)

MOA: Histamine H2 antagonist.

ADR: CV, CNS, GI - abdominal distress.

BW: n/a

DI: Patients may still have ranitidine in their medicine cabinet, Ensure Zantac brand is new FAMOTIDINE version

VENLAFAXINE.

Depression.

(Effexor.)

MOA: Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors.

ADR: CNS, Dermatologic.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Significant xerostomia contributing to oral discomfort, taste perversion especially in elders, increased risk of bleeding events.

FLUTICASONE/SALMETEROL

Asthma, COPD.

(Advair, Airduo, Wixela Inhub.)

MOA: Beta-2 Agonist, Corticosteroid.

ADR: CNS, Respiratory.

BW: n/a

DI: Localized infections with Candida albicans or Aspergillus niger in mouth and pharynx.

OXYCODONE.

Pain.

(Oxaydo, Oxycontin, Roxicodone, RoxyBond, Xtampza.)

MOA: Analgesic/Opioid.

ADR: CNS, Dermatologic.

BW: Addiction, Respiratory depression, neonatal withdrawal, CYP3A4 interactions, risk with concomitant benzodiazepine.

DI: Xerostomia.

AZITHROMYCIN.

Bacterial Infection.

(Zithromax.)

MOA: Antibiotic.

ADR: GI, Loose stools.

BW: n/a

DI: Tongue discoloration

AMPHETAMINE.

ADHD, exogenous obesity, narcolepsy.

(Adzenys, Dynavel, Eveheo.)

MOA: CNS stimulant.

ADR: GI, Respiratory.

BW: Abuse potential, adverse cardiovascular events.

DI: Tachycardia, increases in blood pressure, and palpitations.

LORAZEPAM.

Anxiety, anesthesia premedication, status epilepticus.

(Ativan, Intensol, Loreev.)

MOA: Benzodiazepine Anxiolytic, GABA activation.

ADR: CV, CNS.

BW: Risk with concomitant opioids, abuse, dependence.

DI: Xerostomia. Released patient requires adult accompaniment.

ALLOPURINOL.

Gout.

(Aloprim, Zyloprim.)

MOA: Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor.

ADR: Dermatologic - allopurinol allergy, Endocrine.

BW: n/a

DI: n/a

PAROXETINE.

Depression.

(Brisdelle, Paxil, Paxeva.)

MOA: Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors.

ADR: CNS, Endocrine.

BW: Suicidal thoughts.

DI: Xerostomia, changes in salivation, abnormal taste, orthostatic hypotension.

METHYLPHENIDATE.

ADHD, narcolepsy.

(Adhansia, Aptensio, Concerta, Cotempla, Daytrana, Jornay, Metadate, Methylin, Quillivant, Relexxii, RITALIN.)

MOA: CNS stimulant.

ADR: CNS, Endocrine, GI.

BW: Abuse and Dependence.

DI: Tachycardia, increases in blood pressure, and palpitations.

ESTRADIOL.

Estrogen deficiency.

(Alora, Climara, Divivgel, Dotti, Elestrin, Estrace, Estrogel, Evamist, Femring, Lyllana, Menostar, Minivelle, Vivelle-Dot.)

MOA: Hormone replacement.

ADR: CNS, Endocrine, Genitourinary.

BW: n/a

DI: n/a

HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE & LOSARTAN K.

Hypertension.

(Hyzaar.)

MOA: Diuretic, Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker.

ADR: CNS, Neuromuscular.

BW: Pregnancy.

DI: Orthostatic hypotension.

FENOFIBRATE.

Hyperlipidemia.

(Feno-Micro, Fenomax, Lipidil, Feno-Super.)

MOA: Lipoprotein lipase activator.

ADR: CV, CNS, Hepatic.

BW: n/a

DI: Xerostomia.