world religions

reasons for religion:

1. to answer questions about/explain the world around us

2. teaches morals & provides structure

3. helps unite people

how does religion teach morals

lessons about what is right/wrong or the correct way to act usually told in a story

a. potential punishment after death

theism def:

the belief in a divine power or deity (spiritual power)

polytheism believes in:

multiple gods

polytheism powers:

gods have limited powers (air,sea,sun,etc)

polytheism is the

oldest form of belief

polytheism examples:

ancient egypt, greece & rome, hinduism, buddhism

monotheism powers:

the one god is all powerful

monotheism is a

more modern type of religion

monotheism ex:

judaism, christianity, and islam

judaism believes in same

god as christian’s, doesn’t believe jesus is the messiah

judaism: god promised abraham

he would be a very important leader of multiple nations, god asked abraham to keep his covenant in return

jewish pilgrimage:

pray, worship, & write prayers

jewish shabbat/sabbath:

do no work & rest on seventh day(aka monday)

the day god rested from creating world

jewish jerulasam:

it was a place that felt important & they felt connected to it. they continued their traditions that originated in jerusalem

hanukkah when:

celebrated 8 days in december

what is hanukkah:

2,000 years ago jewish ppl fought to get their temple back & it got token away. they had oil for 8 days

how is hanukkah celebrated:

they light a candle on manorah and play games

themes of hanukkah:

focused on perseverance & faith. focused on religious freedom

rosh hashanah when (jewish holiday):

set in september or october

what is rosh hashanah (jewish):

beginning of jewish lunar calendar & starts ten day period of holidays

how is rosh hashanah celebrated (jewish holiday)

spending time with family & communities, eating symbolic food, like apples that represent new year

themes of rosh hashanah (jewish)

every year is a fresh start

when is yom kippur started (jewish)

september or october jewish lunar calendar at end of ten day period that begins jewish new year

what is yom kippur (jewish)

holiest day jewish calendar. day of atonement & focuses on reflection, forgiveness, & making things right & improving for new year

how is yom kippur celebrated (jewish)

fasting food & drink for 25 hours. attending long prayer services. simple or white clothing. avoiding work & distractions

themes of yom kippur (jewish)

repairing relationship w/ others and god. growing as a person. making things right to start new year off

when is passover (jewish)

march or april

what is passover (jewish)

time celebration for when jewish people get out of slavery

how is passover celebrated (jewish)

eat special meal ceder, & go around sharing stories

themes of passover (jewish)

important to remember gaining back their freedom, hope, and perseverance

what is jewish ten commandments:

moses outlined a basis for morality has lasted for over 3,000 years & been embraced by 2/3 of world’s population

founder of christianity:

jesus was the messiah promised in old testament & founder

why god sent jesus to earth:

to save humanity from consequences of its sins

christian spiritual leaders:

priests pastors or ministers

pope origin

latin for father

current pope:

pope leo 267th pope

christian holiday lent:

40-day sequence involves fasting, prayer, repentance. jesus fasted in wildernesss 40 days so caltholics fast and deepen faith in return

good friday:

two days before easter, practiced to reflect on sacrifice of jesus christ. christian’s attend special church service many fast

easter:

celebrates day jesus resurrected from dead. church services focused on renewal and hope. celebrate by connecting with each other and festivals

advent (caltholic)

four-week season leading to christmas. start celebrating on fourth sunday before christmas. light candles on advent wreath, symbolizes peace or joy. kindness spread. prepares for birth of jesus

baptism:

makes people children of god, opens possibilitiy going heaven, water for eternal life, cleansing soul washes away original sin

communion/eucharist:

same sacrifice as one done on cross, wine also turned jesus blood, remember jesus sacrifice and his love

ramadan (islam)

month of spiritual discipline fasting from dawn to sunset,

ramadan characteristics (islam)

self - discipline, charity for less fortunate (zakat), spiritual mindfulness (mosque), community

what is eid al-fitr:

“festival of breaking the fast” marks end of ramadan, begins with prayer

zakat (islam):

mandatory giving to poor (part of eid al-fitr and five pillars of islam)

how eid al-fitr celebrated:

multi day, decorating homes, finest clothing. feasts, gifts, and family time

muhammad:

islamic main prophet of god

five pillars of islam:

shahada, salat, sawm, zakat, and hajj