HIST 1602 - Environmental History

Longue duree

Historians focusing on concentrating on long-term conditions and gradual change.

Primary Source

Made during and/or by a person in significant event.

Secondary Source

Talks about a primary source, no direct evidence.

Wilderness

An uncultivated, uninhabited, and inhospitable region.

Virgin-soil epidemic

Populations who were previously isolated from a pathogen are immunologically unprepared upon contact

Ecological Imperialism

Colonization also was the intentional and accidental introduction of pathogens and non-native plants or animals to a new site

Anthropogenic Fires

The fires that are set intentionally by humans, usually used to control forests, wars, or landscapes

Conservation

The prevention of wasteful use of a resource; protection of a resource

Little Ice Age

17th century period where there was more ice and cold climate despite warmer periods

Year without summer

1816 where temperatures dropped because of climate abnormailties

Bioregionalism

Belief that all human activity should be constrained to ecological boundaries rather than political

Ecotones

The transition between two biological communities

Columbian Exchange

Widespread transfer of plants, disease, and animals from the New World (Americas) to the Old World (Europe/Asia)

Neolithic Revolution

Transition from hunter/gathering to agriculture and settlement

Edge Effects

Changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary of two or more habitats

Gifford Pinchot

Father of forestry, protected the forest for further conservation

Paleoclimatology

Branch of science that deals with climates prevalent at particular times in the geological past