MIS Module 5

on-premises (on-prem) infrastructure

when an organizations owns and runs all of hardware, software, data storage, and networks in its own building

What are the problems with onpremises infratcusture?

• High capital investment: big upfront spending on serves, cooling, backup equipment

• Physical space: server rooms or whole data centers to house it

• Dedicated IT staff: specialists to manage, maintain, and secure it

• Scaling is slow: more capacity = buy hardware + manual setup

• Under-utilization: built for peak demand, so it sits idle most of the time

What is the solution to on-premises infrastructure?

THE CLOUD - companies can move faster, control costs, and focus on what makes them unique

How does The Cloud work?

Rent computer power, storage and software over the internet

Pay only for what you use

Provider manages the physical stuff

What is cloud computing?

The on-demand delivery of IT resources over the Internet with pay-as-you-go pricing

What are examples of the Cloud on you phone?

• Apple iCloud - backs up your iPhone photos, nots, and contacts automatically

• Microsoft OneDrive - stores your documents so you can reach them from your laptop or phone

• Google Drive - group project from anywhere, with shared editing and version history

What are 5 reasons why the cloud is valuable?

1. Backup and recovery - when files are saved to OneDrive, nothing is lost

2. Accessibility - log in from a library computer on your phone

3. Automatic syncing - the slide you edited on your phone is already there

4. Collaboration - teammates co-edit the same file in real time

5. Storage offloading - your new laptop doesn’t need a giant hard drive

What is the one downside to the cloud?

you need an internet connection

What rare four business benefits of the cloud?

1. Agility - deploy servings in minutes and go from idea to launch much faster

2. Elasticity - no need to buy for peak demand up front, scale up or down as needs change

3. Cost savings - trade fixed expenses (data centers, servers) for variable expenses, made cheaper by economies of scale

4. Go global in minutes - run apps in regions close to your users for faster, better experiences

What makes elasticity possible?

• Shared data centers

• Virtualization

• Real-time allocation

• Metered usage

What four things had to come together for cloud computing to work?

1. Moore’s Law - computing power doubled every 18-24 months while costs dropped

2. Virtualization - many virtual machines on one physical server

3. Fast, reliable internet - made remote access fast and stable

4. Mobile + IoT explosion - created demand for accessible, scalable systems

What are the risks and challeneges of the cloud?

• Security and privacy

• Downtime - power outages can stop your business

• Vendor lock-in - deeply tied to one provider = hard and costly to switch if prices rise

• Compliance - Laws may dictate WHERE data is stored and how it’s protected

• Loss of control - less visibility and control over the underlying systems

What are the 3 cloud service models?

1. IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service)

2. PaaS (Platform as a Service)

3. SaaS (Software as a Service)

What is IaaS?

Rent the raw building blocks: servers, storage, networking

Most control, most expertise needed

What are examples of IaaS?

Amazon EC2, Google Compute Engine, Azure Virtual Machines

What is PaaS?

Rent a ready environment to build and run your own apps

Middle ground: you just write the code

What are examples of PaaS?

Google App Engine, Azure App Services, Heroku, Amazon RDS

What is SaaS?

rent a finished application you simply log into

least control, least expertise needed

What are examples of SaaS?

Microsoft 365, Google Workspace, Zoom, Salesforce

What do you get with IaaS?

• Virtual servers (compute power)

• Storage

• Networking

• YOU install and manage the operating system and apps; the provider handles the physical hardware

What is IaaS best for?

Best for organizations with skilled IT teams that want maximum control

What do you get with PaaS?

• Provider handles operating system, runtime, middleware and storage

• Built-in development tools, databases and scaling

• Developers focus only on code

What is PaaS best for?

Best for software teams that want to build and release quickly

What do you get with SaaS?

• Just log in and use it, in a browser or app

• No installation, maintenance, or updates

• Usually a subscription

• Provider handles everything

What is SaaS best for?

Best for organizations with low customizations needs that want a turnkey solution

What is the public cloud?

Run by third-party providers (AWS, Azure, Google) and shared over the internet

• Cost effective, scales fast

• Little management overhead

What is the public cloud best for?

Best for non-sensitive workloads

What is the private cloud?

Built, managed, and owned by ONE organization, often in its own data center

• More control, security, customization

• Ideal for regulated industries

• Also called on-premises or “on-prem”

What is the hybrid cloud?

Combines public and private clouds

• Keep sensitive data private

• Use public cloud for workloads that must scale

• Balance of cost, security, performance

What is the multicloud?

Two or more PUBLIC cloud providers at the same time

Example: Provide A (AWS) with Provider B (Google)

What is the difference between hybrid cloud and multicloud?

With the hybrid cloud, your own infrastructure and a public cloud

With a multicloud, two or more public cloud providers at the same time

Why do a multicloud?

• Avoid vendor lock-n: not tied to a single provider

• Reliability: if one provider goes down, rely on the others

• Pick the best features and prices from each other

What is hard about the multicloud?

• More complex: different tools, dashboards, and rules per vendor

• Security: more connections = bigger attack surface

• Costs are harder to track; skilled people are harder to find

What three things does cloud computing let businesses do?

• Move faster: get infrastructure in minutes, not months, and scale operations

• Control costs: pay only for what they use and scale as needed

• Stay focused: create value instead of managing servers