Dynastic China and Chinese Philosophies Overview

What is the dynastic cycle? (of ancient China)

It starts with a peaceful dynasty (usually long), then it develops into a warring dynasty with no leader, and then it becomes a short, brutal dynasty, often associated with death.

Define: Mandate of heaven

Gods choose who should rule and take the power away if a leader is unjust (the Gods decide)

What is Confucianism and what's it goal?

It is an ethical system (philosophy) and it's goal is to create an orderly society

When was Confucianism created and who was the founder?

It was created in the warring states period and Confucius created it

What are "The Analects"?

A collection of short literary or philosophical extracts (written by Confucius)

What is filial piety?

Respect from children to their parents

What is the Wu-Wei?

The idea that if you do nothing, nothing will be done (a problem fixes itself)

What is the Civil Service Exam?

An exam that chooses government officials based off of intelligence

What are the five basic relationships?

ruler/subject; father/son; husband/wife; older brother/younger brother; older friend/younger friend

What is Meritocracy?

A way in which political leaders are chosen for their ability, not their wealth or status.

Who should have an important role in Confucianism?

The people

What is Legalism and what is its goal?

It is a ruling philosphy and its goal is to create an orderly and stable society

When was Legalism created and who influenced it?

It was created in the beginning of the Qin Dynasty and Emperor Shi Huangdi influenced it.

What is Legalism ruled by?

Rewards and Punishments.

What is Daosim and what is its goal?

It is a belief system and its goal is to create a peaceful society.

When was Daoism created and who is its founder?

It was created in 500 BCE and Lao Tzu founded it.

What is Yin and Yang?

The idea that the universe is a delicate balance between two opposing forces.

What is Daosim ruled by?

The Dao (universal path that guides all things)