Psychology textbook chapter 1.3

introspection

• Who’s primary method of research was this

• define the term

• what is this the precursor of

• Wundt’s primary method of research

• The personal behaviour of one’s own mental events, such as thoughts, feelings, sensations, behaviours, (“looking forward”)

• This is the precursor to the self-report method of gathering data

Structuralism

• who’s method of study was this (who was his idea influenced by)

• define

• is this a strong concept?

• what term is used to describe it? aka?

• Titchener brought Wundt’s basic idea to the US

• The study of sensation and personal experience analysed as basic elements

• This is a poor concept for answering psychological questions

• Imageless thoughts: describes the inability of introspection’s to become subjectively aware of some mental processes. aka cognitive unconscious

Gestalt psychology

• who?

• What was their approach called?

• Define the approach

• Wertheimer

• Gestalts viewpoint

• Helps explain perceptual illusions

• A way of understanding problem solving, thinking, social behaviour, and art, logic, philosophy, and politics

• thinks of these things as whole unit not by parts

functionalism

• who?

• what is their approach called?

• define approach

• William James

• Functionalism

• School of psychology that considers behaviors in terms of active adaptation

Behaviorism

• Who?

• What?

• Define (what does he observe over what)

• Watson

• behaviorism

• School of study that emphasizes the study of observable actions over the study of the mind

Radical behaviourism

• who?

• what?

• Define?

• Skinner

• Radical behvaiourism

• Our actions are controlled by objective rewards and punishments in a process called operant conditioning

dynamic unconscious

• who?

• what, define?

• Freudian theory

• The parts of the mind that are beyond awareness, especially; conflicts, impulses and desires are not directly known to a person

psychoanalysis

• who?

• define

• Freudian

• Freudian approach to psychotherapy emphasizing the exploration of the unconscious using free association, dream, interpretation, resistance, and transference to uncover conscious conflicts.

Cognitive psychology

• school of psychology that studies information processing, remembering, thinking, reasoning, and problem solving using objective observation

operational definition

• defining and abstract scientific concept by stating the specific, object action or procedures used to measure it.

neo-Freudians

• psychologists who accepted the broad features of Freud’s theory but have revised the theory to include relevant cultural and social factors

Psychodynamic theory

• Any theory of behaviour that emphasizes internal conflcist, motives, and unconscious forces

Humanistic psychology:

School of psychology that views people as inherently good and motiavted to learn and improve

determinism

• the idea that all behaviour is caused by the force beyond our control

free will

the ability to freely make choices that are not controlled by genetics, learning, or conscious forces

the idea that human beings are capable of makin