Med Term Exam 1

Word Root

the basic meaning of the term, usually indicates the involved body part

plasmapheresis

the medical term for the removal of whole blood from the body and separation of its cellular elements

nitroglycerin

prescribed to prevent or relieve the pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart.

allogenic bone marrow transplant

uses bone marrow from a donor.

Baker’s cyst

fluid-filled sac behind the knee

stress fracture

A small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact

revision surgery

The replacement of a worn or failed implant is known as

adhesive capsulitis

A medical term for the condition commonly known as frozen shoulder

amputation

The surgical or accidental removal of a limb

clubfoot

any congenital deformity of the foot involving the talus

traction

a pulling force exerted on a limb to return a bone or joint to normal alignment.

ather/o

fatty deposit or plaque

bone grafting

The surgical use of transplanted bone to repair and rebuild damaged bones

Combining form

word root with a combining vowel added at the end, used when two word roots are combined or when a suffix beginning with a consonant is added

suffix

comes at the end of the word, indicates the procedure, condition, disorder, or disease

prefix

comes at the beginning of a word, indicates location, time, number, or status

Cyanosis

blue discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

cyan

blue

-osis

abnormal condition or disease

erythrocyte

mature RBC

ethrythr/o

red

-cyte

cell

leukocyte

WBC

leuk/o

white

melanosis

any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs

melan

black

poliomyelitis

viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord

poli/o

grey

myel

spinal cord

-itis

inflammation

gastr

stomach

enter

small intestine

Gastroenteritis

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine.

-plasty

surgical repair

-rrhaphy

surgical suturing

Neuroplasty

surgical repair of a nerve

Neurorrhaphy

suturing together the ends of a severed nervy

-ectomy

surgical removal

tonsill

tonsils

Tonsillitis

inflammation of tonsils

Tonsillectomy

surgical removal of tonsils

Cranium

portion of skull that encloses the brain

crani-

skull

cardi

heart

-ac

pertaining to

Gastrosis

any disease of the stomach

Pathology

the study of all aspects of disease

-algia or -dynia

pain and suffering

Gastralgia or Gastrodynia

pain in the stomach

Gastritis

inflammation of the stomach

-megaly

englargement

Hepatomegaly

abnormal enlargement of the liver

hepat/o

liver

-malacia

abnormal softening

Arteriomalacia

abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arterie

-necrosis

tissue death

Arterionecrosis

tissue death of an artery or arteries

-sclerosis

abnormal hardening

Arteriosclerosis

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

-stenosis

abnormal narrowing

Arteriostenosis

abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries

-centesis

surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

Abdominoscentesis

surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

-graphy

process of producing a picture or record.

Angiography

the process of producing an x-ray, or radiographic study, of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

Angi/o

blood vessel

-gram

picture or record

Angiogram

resulting film that is produced by angiography

Myoplasty

surgical repair of muscle

-scopy

visual examination

Arthroscopy

visual examination of the internal structure of a join

arthr/o

joint

-rrhage and -rrhagia

sudden and severe bleeding

hemorrhage

the loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

Tenorrhaphy

the surgical suturing of a tendon

-rrhea

flow or discharge and refers to the flow of most body fluids

dia-

through

peri-

surrounding

nat-

birth

ab-

away from, negative, absent

dextro-

right side

ex-

out of, outside

mega-

large, great

ad-

toward, to

sinistro-

left side

oligo-

scanty, few

Eu-

good, normal, well

Eupnea

easy or normal breathing

Subcostal

below a rib or ribs

Supracostal

above or outside the ribs

otorhinolaryngology

the study of ears, nose, and throat

laryng

larynx or throat

rhin/o

nose

ot/o

ear

lith

stone

lithotomy

name of an examination position in which a female patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups

Edema

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body.

appendicitis

inflammation of the appendix

-ae

plural of -a

-ices

plural of -ex or -ix