blood sugar

islets of Langerhans

in the pancreas, produce pancreatic hormones. beta and alpha cells

beta cells

produce insulin

alpha cells

produce glucagon

High blood sugar

1. release of insulin
2. causes muscles, liver, and other cells to become permeable to glucose
3. glucose gets stored as glycogen
4. low blood sugar

Low blood sugar

1. release of glucagon
2. promotes the breakdown of of glycogen into glucose
3. glucose is released into the blood
4. high blood sugar

Type 1 diabetes

* Insulin dependent
* beta cells are not functional
* insulin is not being made

type 2 diabetes (hyperglycemia)

* non-insulin dependent
* insulin levels have dropped, or insulin is ineffective
* can be controlled with diet and exercise and oral drugs

Diabetes

generally just an absence of insulin in the body meaning no glucose in the body

\-cells metabolize fats and proteins for energy