Unit 3 - Anatomy & Physiology (OVERALL)

What is aerobic respiration?

The chemical process in living cells that uses oxygen to break down glucose and release energy.

One role of Keratinised Epithelial Tissue?

Provide a protective barrier against mechanical damage, fluid loss, and infection

One role of Ciliated Epithelial Tissue?

Protection of the respiratory tract from infection and damage

Types of Muscle Tissue?

Skeletal Muscle, Cardiac Muscle, Smooth Muscle

Two types of Connective Tissue?

Blood, Bone, Cartilage

Role of Tissue in the Peripheral Nervous System? (Motor Neurones)

Transmit messages away from the brain to the muscles to stimulate a response

Role of Tissue in the Peripheral Nervous System? (Sensory Neurones)

Transmits messages toward the brain when stimulated by sensory cells

Function of the Mitochondria?

Cellular respiration.

Function of Ribosomes?

Make proteins

Function of the Golgi Apparatus?

The golgi apparatus packs and provides protein

What do Lysosomes contain?

Lysosomes contain enzymes that break down waste/material

What is the Endoplasmic Reticulum?

Network involved in making/processing/transporting substances

What does Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum do?

Has ribosomes on surface, makes/processes/transports proteins

What does Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum do?

No ribosomes, makes lipids (fats) and helps detoxification

What do Centrioles do?

Involved in cell division

Two Types of Simple Epithelial Tissue?

Cuboidal and Columnar

Whats the difference between Cuboidal and Columnar?

Cuboidal is “cube-like”

Columnar is tall and rectangular

Function of the Heart?

Pumps blood to the lungs and rest of the body

Function of the Lungs?

Gas exchange (move oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out)

Function of the Kidneys?

Remove waste from blood and produce urine

Function of the Bladder?

Store and release urine

What is a Genotype?

Individual genes, not outwardly observed (FF)

What is a Phenotype?

Outwardly displayed characteristics (blue eyes)

Heterozygous meaning?

Two different alleles (inherited two different versions of the gene)

Homozygous meaning?

Two of the same alleles (inherited same two versions of the gene)