NOCTI Pre Engineering Exam study guide

What are the major engineering fields?

Civil

Mechanical

Electrical

Aerospace

Structural

What major functions do engineers perform?

1. Research- making new discoveries and finding uses

2. Development- production of a function able device/ process

3. Design- optimizing/ making easier to produce/ improving performance

4. Production/Testing- mass production + quantity control

5. Construction- Production on a site

6. Operations- managing facilities and networks

7. Sales- consumer creator link, creating a market

8. Management- using background for managing

9. Consulting- solving problems

What type of eduction is required to be an engineer?

1. Bachelors degree at a credited school (ABET or CAEB)

2. Exams- Fundamentals of Engineering test- Engineering in Training (EIT)

3. Practice for 4 years- principles and practice exam- licensed engineer

What important ethics are related to engineering situations?

Engineers use knowledge and skill for the advancement of human welfare. They need to be honest and impartial, increasing reputation of the engineering profession.

Who do engineering interact with? (Other technical personnels on the job)

Engineers

Scientists

Technologists

Technicians

Craftsmen

What important milestones have occurred during the progression of the engineering field?

Henry Fords assembly line

Wright brothers first flight

Thomas Edison's light bulb

Robert Goddars' liquid fuel rockets

What are the important principles of the problem solving process?

identification of a need, problem definition, researching, constraint, criteria, alternative solutions, analysis

What are the steps in the design process?

Identify the need, research and gathering info, develop solution (alternative solutions), choose a solution (analysis), construct a prototype, test and evaluate

How to analyze solution/ identifying strengths and weaknesses?

Efficiency

Cost

Safety

Functionality

Availability of materials

Durability

How to develop details of a solution?

Scale model

Inventor (dynamic simulation)

Orthographic Isometric drawing

Techno CNC + 3D printing

How to develop, test, and redesign prototypes?

Test for safety and durability

Test for efficiency

How to explain components of set up, machining, casting, molding, welding, and finishing?

Turning- lathe

Milling- makes square objects

Casting- turns liquid into mold

Welding- arc, spot, gas (oxyacetylene)

Undercutting- welding reduce cross sectional strength

Finishing- painting

How to identify and use common hand tools

Straight edge- ruler

VIC (vernier caliper)- measures inside/outside distanxes

How to identify and properly use fasteners?

Machine srews- hex nuts

Wood screws- course thread/pointy

Sheet metal- pointed heads, sharp fine threads

Thread Rotation= UNC 1/4(diameter)-20(thread per inch)-2(thread length)-2A(type of thread)

How to estimate and measure the size of objects using SI and US units?

1 inch = 2.54 cm

100 ft = 28.3 L

1 gal water = 7-8 lbs

How to explain the role and quality control in manufacturing?

-Controls the quality

-bSigma- stands for manufacturing for standardization

-International organizations

-Manufacturing tolerance

How to measure with percussion to olds and instruments?

7.00 sleeve(0.5)

0.25 thimble

What role does quality control plays in assembly and fabrication?

-Improves quality and reputation

-Reducing execution time

-Lower costs

What are the roles of supplying and outsourcing?

-Reordering levels are set

-No over stocking

(to attain materials in time w/o overstocking)

What does the order and methodology of the assembly process consist of?

Operations

Storage

Transportation/Delays

Inspection

What are the attributes of common materials?

Ferrous- high weight/ lower conductivity/ easily corrodible/ magnetic

Non Ferrous- malleable/ high conductivity

How to make an oral presentation?

Practice

Don't read from slides

Speak to the audience

How to interpret aspects and/or types of engineering drawings and plans?

Orthographic drawings

Dimensions/ line drawings

How to express data in tables, graphs, and charts?

Bar graph- qualitative

Histogram- Quantitative

How to contribute to a team project?

Communication

Common goal, vision

Find a good team

How to follow appropriate personal safety procedures?

Need to know and learn safety rules

What role of OSHA is in the technical workplace?

Occupational safety + help admin

Ensure safety standards are followed through

How to use appropriate safety equipment?

Eye and ear protection

Safety shoes

Masks

Hazardous material storage

How electrical safety decries function?

Circuit breaker-

to switch circuit off, surge protector, when it gets excess/ it converse excess to ground

How to solve problems using vectoring to persist forces?

X Y components

Hypotenuse components

How to calculate and describe the effect of resistance?

V=IR^2

W=VI

How to apply Ohms law, Watts law, and Kirchoffs law?

Ohms law- V=IR^2

Watt- power= voltage x current

Kirchoffs- sum of voltage in = sum of voltage out

How does AC and DC systems work and differ?

DC current- flows in the same direction

AC current- constantly flows

How to identify what causes resistance in a fluid system?

Smoother pige inside

As few curves as possible motor cylinder piston

How hydraulic and pneumatic systems work?

Pump, Valce, Motor/Cylinder

Hydraulic motor- generates power

Pneumatic- pressurized fluId

Three ways heat is transferred

Convection- hot to cold (no direct contact)

Radiation- to contact (vacuum)

Conduction

How to convert between Celsius and Ferenheit?

(X9/5)+32

(-32X5)/9

How heat conductors and insulators work?

Head conductors relies on density (more particles) heat can jump

How to solve thermal problems using appropriate units?

BTU- British thermal unit

1 pound of water needed to get 1 degrees F

What are the six simple machines?

Pulley

Lever

Wheel and Axel

Wedge

Screw

Plane

How to solve problems using appropriate units in engineering systems?

Increase velocity of liquid

Increase force or increase area absolute p + gauge = atmospheric pressure

How to identify the uses and types if inductors and capacitors?

Capacitor- stores electrical energy

Inductors- stores energy (w/ magnetic field)

How to use insulation to minimize heat flow?

1. sealed windows (vacuum)

2. Fiberglass

How to identify electrical components and their functions?

Diode limits- keeps current in 1 direction

Translator- amplifies or switches on electrical signal