Linear Motion (copy)

Motion is Relative

All motion is relative, typically referenced to the surface of the Earth. Even objects at rest are moving.

Speed

The distance covered per unit of time, calculated as Speed = Distance/Time.

Instantaneous Speed

The speed of an object at any specific instant.

Average Speed

Total distance covered divided by the time interval; does not account for varying speeds in smaller intervals.

Velocity

Speed with a specified direction; a vector quantity.

Constant Velocity

Constant speed in a straight line without changing direction.

Changing Velocity

Occurs when either speed or direction, or both, change.

Acceleration

The rate at which an object's velocity changes, defined by the formula Acceleration = change of velocity/time interval.

Deceleration

A significant decrease in velocity over time.

Free Fall

When an object falls solely under the influence of gravity, without air resistance.

Acceleration due to gravity (g)

The acceleration experienced by an object in free fall, typically 9.8 m/s² on Earth.

Distance travelled (free fall)

Calculated using the formula Distance = 1/2 * g * t².

Velocity Vector

Represents both the speed and direction of an object; distinguishes it from scalar speed.

Scalar Quantity

A physical quantity that has only magnitude (e.g., speed).

Vector Quantity

A physical quantity that has both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity).