WSC '26
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Description and Tags
"progress", "list", "end", "sidewalk", "monkey"
166 Terms
What is an indeterminate progress bar?
A UI element used when progress cannot be precisely measured
What does an indeterminate progress bar indicate?
It shows activity is happening without displaying a percentage
When should indeterminate progress bars be used?
For short waits, typically under 10 seconds
What is a drawback of indeterminate progress bars?
They can reduce trust if users cannot estimate waiting time
What is a splash screen?
An introductory screen shown when launching an application
What is the purpose of a splash screen?
To signal loading and create a first impression
What is typically displayed on a splash screen?
The app’s logo or branding
What is console output?
Text-based feedback displaying system information during loading
Why is console output useful?
It provides transparency and real-time updates
What is a skeleton screen?
A placeholder layout that mimics the final webpage structure
Why are skeleton screens effective?
They reduce perceived waiting time and cognitive load
When are skeleton screens best used?
During short loading periods
What is a throbber?
A spinning loading indicator showing activity without measurable progress
Why can throbbers be frustrating?
They provide no estimate of completion time
What are placebo buttons?
Controls that appear functional but have no real effect
What is an example of a placebo button?
Elevator close buttons or fake thermostats
Why are placebo buttons used?
To give users a sense of control and reduce frustration
What was the Houston airport solution to complaints?
They increased walking distance instead of reducing wait time
Why did the Houston airport solution work?
It reduced perceived waiting time by shifting user focus
What is the endowed progress effect?
People are more motivated when they feel they have already made progress
Why does the endowed progress effect increase motivation?
It creates a sense of momentum toward completion
How is the endowed progress effect used in design?
Progress bars often start fast to simulate early progress
What did Namco patent regarding loading screens?
Mini-games during loading screens
Why was Namco’s patent controversial?
It limited innovation by restricting similar features
What game used a loading screen mini-game?
Ridge Racer featured Galaxian
What is the Chrome Dino game?
An offline browser game representing lack of internet connection
Why is the Chrome Dino game significant?
It reflects global reliance on unstable internet access
What issue exists with restaurant table games?
Hidden fees for usage on restaurant tablets
Why are restaurant table game charges controversial?
Parents may not be responsible for unauthorized purchases
What is GDP?
The total value of goods and services produced in a country
What components make up GDP?
Consumption, investment, government spending, net exports
What is a limitation of GDP?
It does not measure quality of life or inequality
What is GNI?
GDP plus income from abroad minus payments to foreign entities
How does GNI differ in developing countries?
It is often higher due to foreign aid inflows
What is the Gini coefficient?
A measure of income inequality within a population
What does a Gini coefficient of 0 represent?
Perfect equality
What does a Gini coefficient of 1 represent?
Maximum inequality
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
A composite index measuring life expectancy, education, and income
Why is HDI more useful than GDP?
It captures broader development factors beyond economic output
What is the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)?
A measure of poverty using health, education, and living standards
Why is MPI considered flexible?
It can be adjusted to different contexts and indicators
What is labor productivity?
Economic output per hour worked
Why is labor productivity important?
It reflects efficiency and economic performance
What is the Happiness Index?
A ranking of countries based on quality-of-life factors
What report commonly uses the Happiness Index?
The World Happiness Report
What is the Henley Passport Index?
A ranking of passports based on visa-free travel access
What does a higher Henley Passport Index indicate?
Greater global mobility
What is the Big Mac Index?
An informal measure of purchasing power parity
Why is the Big Mac Index useful?
It compares currency value based on standardized goods
What is the main message of “Surely the World is Growing Better”?
It suggests that technological progress may not equal moral or societal progress
What is a to-do list?
A tool for organizing tasks and goals
What is a drawback of to-do lists?
Unfinished tasks can cause stress and anxiety
What psychological effect explains this stress?
The Zeigarnik effect
What did Benjamin Franklin demonstrate about productivity?
Trying to do too many tasks leads to conflicting goals
What is the Zeigarnik effect?
The tendency to remember unfinished tasks better than completed ones
Why does the Zeigarnik effect occur?
Unfinished tasks create mental tension
How can the Zeigarnik effect be reduced?
By planning or completing the task
What is the 1-2-3 method?
A system of prioritizing 1 big, 2 medium, and 3 small tasks
Why is the 1-2-3 method effective?
It balances workload and prevents overwhelm
What is the Ivy Lee method?
A system of listing 6 tasks and completing them in order of importance
What happens to unfinished tasks in the Ivy Lee method?
They move to the top of the next day’s list
What is the 4-D method?
A productivity system: Do, Delay, Delegate, Delete
What does “Delete” mean in the 4-D method?
Eliminate low-value tasks
What is “Eat That Frog”?
A productivity method of completing the hardest task first
Why does “Eat That Frog” work?
It removes procrastination and builds momentum
What are must-do tasks?
The most important tasks that should be prioritized first
What is the Bullet Journal method?
A flexible handwritten system for organizing tasks
Why was the Bullet Journal method created?
To help manage ADHD
What is a done list?
A list tracking completed tasks
Why are done lists useful?
They boost motivation and reduce productivity stress
What is a caretaker government?
A temporary government that maintains operations during elections
What is a limitation of caretaker governments?
They do not make major policy decisions
What is the Doomsday Clock?
A symbolic measure of how close humanity is to global catastrophe
What factors influence the Doomsday Clock?
Nuclear risk, climate change, and global instability
What are apocalyptic predictions?
Forecasts claiming the end of the world
Why are apocalyptic predictions common?
They often arise during uncertain or symbolic periods
What made the year 1666 significant?
It was associated with the “number of the beast” and apocalyptic fears
What event increased fear in 1666?
The Great Fire of London
What caused the Halley’s Comet panic?
Fear that toxic gases would destroy humanity
What was the outcome of the Halley’s Comet panic?
Mass hysteria despite no real danger
What was the Prophet Hen of Leeds?
A hoax predicting Christ’s return through messages on eggs
Why did the Prophet Hen create unrest?
It exploited religious fear
What were the Millerites?
A group predicting the end of the world in 1843–1844
What happened after their prediction failed?
The event became known as the Great Disappointment
What did Wodziwob predict?
A catastrophic event followed by restoration of Native Americans
What was the Jupiter Effect?
A prediction that planetary alignment would cause disasters
What actually happened during the Jupiter Effect?
Nothing significant occurred
What did Hon-Ming Chen predict?
Divine events through a religious movement
Why were his predictions significant?
They demonstrate modern apocalyptic belief systems
What was the Y2K bug?
A computer issue from two-digit year formatting
Why did Y2K cause panic?
It was feared to disrupt global systems
What was the actual impact of Y2K?
Minimal, despite large preparation costs
What was the Mayan Apocalypse?
A belief that the world would end in 2012
What was the real meaning of the Mayan calendar ending?
A transition into a new cycle
What are the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse?
Symbols of Death, Famine, War, and Plague
What do the Four Horsemen represent?
The beginning of the apocalypse
What is Mystic Nativity?
A painting by Botticelli combining religious imagery with political turmoil and apocalyptic symbolism
What themes are present in Mystic Nativity?
Salvation, chaos, and societal unrest
What is The Last Judgment?
A fresco by Michelangelo depicting the final judgment of souls
Why was The Last Judgment controversial?
It included nudity considered inappropriate