The Integumentary System

These flashcards cover key terms and definitions related to the integumentary system, as outlined in the provided lecture notes.

Integumentary System

The largest system of the body, making up sixteen percent of body weight and consisting of the cutaneous membrane (skin) and accessory structures.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin, composed of stratified squamous epithelium, avascular, and nourished through diffusion from the dermis.

Dermis

The layer of skin between the epidermis and the subcutaneous layer, anchoring epidermal accessory structures and consisting of two layers: papillary and reticular.

Subcutaneous Layer

Also known as the hypodermis, this layer lies deep to the dermis and stabilizes the position of the skin, primarily made of adipose tissue.

Keratinocytes

The body’s most abundant epithelial cells found in the epidermis that contain large amounts of keratin.

Melanin

A pigment produced by melanocytes that provides color to the skin and protects against ultraviolet (UV) radiation.

Vitamin D3

A steroid compound produced by epidermal cells in the presence of UV radiation, essential for calcium and phosphate absorption.

Sebaceous Glands

Oil glands that discharge sebum into hair follicles, lubricating and protecting hair and inhibiting bacterial growth.

Sweat Glands

Exocrine glands that produce sweat; includes apocrine and eccrine glands, which help regulate body temperature and excrete waste.

Regeneration (Repair)

The process by which the skin responds to injury, involving inflammation, scab formation, macrophage activity, and ultimately tissue regeneration.