Organisations of Actin-based Cell Structures

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Last updated 5:17 PM on 10/12/26
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7 Terms

1
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What determines whether an actin bundle can be contractile (interact with myosin)?
The length/size of the cross-linking protein; it dictates the spacing between actin filaments, determining if myosin can physically fit inside.
2
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Describe the structure and function of Fimbrin.
A small, rigid cross-linker that packs actin into tight, parallel bundles where myosin II CANNOT fit (found in microvilli and filopodia).
3
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Describe the structure and function of alpha-actinin.
A dimer that spaces actin filaments into loose bundles, leaving enough room for myosin II to enter and cause contraction (found in stress fibers).
4
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What is the structural shape and function of Filamin?
A highly flexible V-shaped dimer that cross-links orthogonal (perpendicular) actin filaments to create a 3D elastic meshwork (found in lamellipodia).
5
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What is the role of Spectrin in the cell?
It is a long, flexible tetramer that forms a 2D web-like network in the cell cortex, providing structural integrity and elasticity to red blood cells.
6
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What is the function of Dystrophin?
It anchors the actin cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane in muscle cells, preventing membrane damage during contraction.
7
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What do ERM proteins (Ezrin, Radixin, Moesin) do?
When activated by phosphorylation, they link actin filaments to transmembrane proteins to anchor the cytoskeleton to the plasma membrane.