Upper Limb Anatomy

These flashcards cover important terms and concepts related to the anatomy of the upper limb as discussed in the lecture.

Pectoralis Major

A large muscle in the upper chest responsible for the movement of the shoulder joint.

Brachialis

A muscle in the upper arm that flexes the elbow joint.

Biceps Brachii

A muscle located in the upper arm that has two heads and flexes the elbow and shoulder joints.

Triceps Brachii

A muscle on the back of the upper arm that extends the elbow joint.

Deltoid Muscle

The muscle forming the rounded contour of the shoulder, responsible for arm abduction.

Subacromial Bursa

A fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between the deltoid muscle and the shoulder joint.

Radial Nerve

A nerve that innervates the extensor muscles of the forearm and controls movement in the wrist and fingers.

Brachial Plexus

A network of nerves that supplies the upper limb, originating from the spinal nerves C5 to T1.

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

A condition caused by compression of the median nerve in the wrist, leading to pain and numbness.

Scaphoid Bone

One of the carpal bones of the wrist, most commonly fractured in carpal injuries.

Flexor Retinaculum

A fibrous band that forms the roof of the carpal tunnel, providing stability for the wrist.

Thenar Muscles

A group of muscles at the base of the thumb that control its movement.

Hypothenar Muscles

The group of muscles located in the palm of the hand that control the movement of the little finger.

External Abdominal Oblique

A muscle of the abdomen that assists in trunk rotation and lateral flexion.

Median Nerve Injury

An injury that affects the forearm and hand muscles leading to loss of function in thumb opposition and flexion.

Ulnar Nerve Injury

An injury resulting in claw hand deformity, affecting finger flexion and abduction.

Colles' Fracture

A fracture of the distal radius in the wrist with dorsal angulation.

Olecranon

The bony tip of the elbow.

Acromioclavicular Joint

The joint where the acromion of the scapula meets the clavicle.

Glenohumeral Joint

The ball-and-socket joint that connects the humerus to the scapula.

Intertubercular Groove

A groove in the humerus for the passage of the tendon of the long head of the biceps.

Palmar Aponeurosis

A thick connective tissue in the palm that protects the underlying structures.

Lateral Epicondylitis

Also known as tennis elbow, an overuse injury of the forearm muscles.

Medial Epicondyle

A bony prominence on the humerus where wrist flexor muscles attach.

Supinator

A muscle that allows supination (rotation of the forearm) when the palm faces upward.