mblex

What do the following receptors respond to:

1.) Mechanoreceptors

2.) Thermoreceptors

3.) chemoreceptors

4.) Nociceptors

5.) photoreceptors

1.) touch, pressure, and movement

2.) change in temperature

3.) chemical changes in environment

4.) irritation and pain

5.) respond to light

During knee flexion, which muscle group shortens and which lengthens?

Hamstrings shorten (agonist), quadriceps lengthen (antagonist)

During knee extension, which muscle group shortens and which lengthens?

Quadriceps shorten (agonist), hamstrings lengthen (antagonist)

Beneficence

the moral obligation to act in ways that promote the well being and interest of others

Nonmaleficence

Ethical principle that obligates individuals to “do no harm”

Client autonomy and self-determination

client's freedom to decide for themselves, and their right to have sufficient information to give informed consent

The passive, involuntary movement that occurs between articular surfaces of a joint

Joint play

What is the PRIMARY therapeutic purpose of a cold double compress?

To increase local circulation and metabolic waste removal

the function of the endocrine system's parathyroid?

Fosters calcium movement from the bones to the blood

What part of body is effected with cirrhosis

Liver

The ability to shorten with exerted force

Contractility

What massage stroke has most reflexive effect

Superficial Gliding

Where is appendix located

Lower right quadrant of the abdomen

Normal ROM for wrist flexion

0-90 degrees

What effect does massage have on blood flow

Stimulates blow flow mechanically and chemically

Primary function of myoglobin

Store oxygen within muscles

Which texture is most like tissue of tendons

Duct tape

Lymphocytes produce what

Antibodies

What % of blood is plasma

55%

sebaceous gland produces what

Oil

Loss of function is characteristic of what

Inflammation

Pancreas can refer pain where?

Solar plexus

All 7 chakra locations

1.) Root (base of spine)

2.) Sacral (lower abdomen)

3.) Solar Plexus (upper abdomen)

4.) Heart

5.) Throat

6.) Third eye

7.) Crown

Best definition of negligence

Unintentional wrongdoing

Can you massage someone with hemophelia

Yes with doctors approval

What forms neurilemma

Schwann cells

Order of meninges from superficial to deep

Dura, arachnoid, pia

Which neurotransmitter is responsible for influencing motor activity, especially fine movements?

Dopamine

Where is coracoid process found

Scapula

Autonomic nervous system includes what

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems

Study of the cause of a disease

Etiology

Using essential oils to relax a client stimulates what system?

Limbic system

Epididymis

Duct behind testes, where sperm mature and pass to the Vas Deferens

Significant acute damage to the inner layer of the periosteum might cause what to occur?

Difficulty forming new bone

In general, table height should be what?

Half of the massage therapists height

sensory receptors that are sensitive to deep pressure

Paciniform and pacinian corpuscles

Which nerve plexus innervates the diaphragm?

Cervical plexus

Synaptic cleft

Fluid filled space between axon terminal and sarcolemma

Joint that allows most freedom of movement

Synovial

Joint that has movement in two planes

Saddle joint

Functional unit of muscle contraction

Sarcomere

5 basic components of a typical reflex arc in order

1.) Receptor

2.) Afferent neuron - sensory

3.) Interneuron - CNS

4.) Efferent neuron - motor

5.) Effector

Part of brain that makes us “human” - thought, reasoning, language, intellect, etc

Cerebral cortex

divided into R & L hemispheres - connected by corpus callosum

Cerebrum (largest part of human brain)

Which proprioceptor triggers the protective inverse stretch reflex when excessive tension threatens tissue integrity?

Golgi tendon organs

Kidneys

Filter blood and produce urine

Largest lymphatic organ

Spleen

Symphysis joints

Bones are connected by fibrocartilage

Synovial joints

Bones are connected by ligaments and a joint capsule

What type of joint is thumb

Saddle joint

Fibrous joints

Held together by dense fibrous connective tissue

stored for energy and an important part of the cell membrane and also a part of the myelin sheath?

Fats

Exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide within the cells of the body

Respiratory system

Which structure primarily stabilizes a synovial joint

Ligament

Expected ROM for shoulder extension

50 degrees

How much can a muscle fiber usually contract

50% of its resting length

Order the bolus of food travels through digestive system

Duodenum, jejunum, ileum

A state of musculoskeletal balance

Functional posture

A strain can damage what?

Damage to the belly of muscle, fascia, or tendons

How many cranial nerves are there in the PNS?

12 pairs of nerves

Exchange of gases between the lungs and the bloodstream

External Respiration

What type of ROM occurs when a joint exhibits hypomobility or hypermobility

Pathologic

Shoulder and hip are what kind of joints

Ball and socket

which type of joint is immovable

Fibrous Joint

What type of joint is elbow and knee

Hinge Joint

What movement occurs at a hinge joint

Flexion and Extension

What movement occurs at a pivot joint

Rotation

What side of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?

The Right Ventricle

What side of the heart pumps oxygenated blood to the body?

The left ventricle

What vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart?

The Aorta

Which chamber receives blood from the body?

Right Atrium

Which chamber receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Left Atrium

Three structural type of joints

• Fibrous

• Cartilaginous

• Synovial

The right and left lungs have how many lobes?

Right: 3 lobes (upper, middle, and lower)

Left: 2 lobes (upper and lower)

Difference between Visceral and Somatic pain

Somatic: originates from skin, muscles, bones, and joints

Visceral: originates from internal organs

Furrow in a bone that typically holds blood vessels, nerves, or tendons

Groove

Organelle that processes and packages proteins for distribution to other areas of the cell

Golgi Apparatus

What is ground substance

Transparent fluid, made up of 70% water, surrounding all cells in the body

What’s Myofibril

A chain of sarcomeres

What is a motor unit

A single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it controls

Most accurate term for windpipe

Trachea

Varicose veins are cause by a breakdown of what?

Valve systems of veins

When an adult individual is at rest, what is a normal respiratory rate?

12 to 20 breaths per minute

How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?

31 pairs

Regarding lung volume, what is the vital capacity of a normal, healthy adult?

3.5 to 5.5 liters of air

Pacinian corpuscle primary responsibility

detecting rapid joint acceleration and vibration during movement transitions

Which region of the body does the term “cephalic” refer to

Head

Which muscle helps the primary muscle move?

Synergist

Function of Thyroid gland

Metabolism

Function of adrenal gland

Stress hormones

Function of pancreas gland

Insulin

Function of ovaries/testes

Sex hormones

Arteries carry blood…

Away from heart

Veins carry blood…

Toward the heart

Which artery carries deoxygenated blood?

Pulmonary artery

Which vein carries oxygenated blood?

Pulmonary vein

What should you do if you suspect DVT?

Do not do the massage, refer immediately

What does AROM stand for

Active Range of Motion (client moves)

What does PROM stand for?

Passive Range of Motion (therapist moves)

What does RROM stand for?

Resisted Range of Motion