Atomic Structure and Nuclear Stability

Vocabulary flashcards covering atomic structure, nuclear forces, radioactive decay, and types of radiation based on the lecture syllabus.

Strong nuclear force

The force that holds the nucleus together despite the repulsion between protons.

Radioactive decay

The process involving the breakdown of a parent nucleus into a daughter nucleus accompanied by radiation.

Parent nucleus

The original unstable nucleus that undergoes radioactive decay.

Daughter nucleus

The nucleus that remains or is produced following the radioactive decay of a parent nucleus.

Atomic notation

A standard format used to calculate the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom.

Half-life

The unit of time used to calculate the amount of radioactive material remaining after several intervals of decay.

Alpha, beta, and gamma radiation

The forms of nuclear radiation compared based on their characteristics and emission during decay.

Isotopes

Forms of an element explained in relation to mass number and nuclear composition.

Mass number

A fundamental nuclear quantity explained in conjunction with isotopes.

Protons

Subatomic particles characterized by charge and location that repel each other within the nucleus.

Radioactivity

A nuclear phenomenon that exhibits practical applications as well as potential risks.