Plato revision- definitions cleared up

first class of goods

harmless pleasures and enjoyments which we accept for their own sake independently of their consequences

second class of goods

goods desriebale for both their intrinsic value and their outcome

third class of goods

laborous acitivies pursued only for rewards/reputation

bad lie

whenever an erroneous representation is made of the nature of gods/heroes, as when a painter paints a portrait not having the shadow of a likeness to the original

first rule of theology

God is not the author of all things, but only a few things. Those few things are good. Because God by definition is wholly good, therefore God cannot cause or create evil, their origins are elsewhere.

second rule of theology

God is immutable and perfectly true, he cannot alter his shape to deceive human as the divine is incapable of falsehood

how is the young person’s mind understood as?

as one that cannot judge what is allegorical from what is literal. Anything he receives at that age is likely to become unalterable. They are at the time at which their character is being formed.

principle of specialisation (by socrates)

the principle that states that all things are produced more plentiful and with better quality when one man does what is natural to him at the right time

Uranus and Cronus story

Uranus is a sky God, Cronus is the son. The son retaliates against Uranus inflicting suffering on Uranus

3 types of narratives

1. Simple narrative: The poet or storyteller speaks strictly in their own voice and no one else’s

2. imitation: performer speaks in the person of another character, assimilating their own voice, tone, and gestures as if the character is speaking

3. combination of both

principle of early habits

The principle states that imitations beginning in the early years of youth continue far into life, growing into habits and becoming second nature, which affects the body and mind.

song/ode is composed of

melody, rhythm and words

Dorian/Phrygian melodies

harmonies that are war-like uttered in the hours of danger/harmonies of peace utterred in prayer to God

the principle regarding rhythm and mind

rhythm and harmony find their way into the inward place of the mind

rhapsode

a professional reciter and interpreter of poetry who performs at public festivals, ‘interpreters of interpreters’

ecstasy

being carried out of one’s right mind/an emotional state usually marked by weeping or panic during a performance when no real physical grief exists

heraclean stone

a magnet that attracts iron rings imparting them with the same magnetic form so that they can also attract more rings

divine inspiration

a state of divine seizure wherein God/the Muse takes over a person’s mind using them as an unconscious minister to utter beautiful words

explain the magnetic chains of inspiration in bullet points and brackets

• Heraclean Stone (God/The Muse)

• First Ring (the poet)

• Second Ring (the interpreter)

• Final Ring (the audience)

the rule of art

when a man has acquired a knowledge of a whole art, he is capable of enquiring into the good as well as the bad of the art.

point of the magnetic chains of inspiration

the poet is not their right mind and they produce similar effects on most of the spectators

Explain the tripartite anthropology of man by Plato w/bullet points and brackets RAS

• Rational principle: the highest and divine part of the soul governing the human in wisdom, truth and calculation

• Spirited principle: the seat of passion and courage; when educated in music and gymnastics, it is an ally of reason.

• Appetitive/irrational principle: largest and inferior part of the soul governed by raw bodily desires reacting passively to superficial appearances (food/seggs/drink)