UNIT 2- postural hygiene, ergonomics working positions

what is postural hygiene

set of rules, advice, and postural actives that are static and dynamic aimed at maintaining proper alignment of the entire body to prevent possible injuries

postural hygiene

what can carrying it out correctly achieve

prevent bodies going through pathological and disabling situations

what is the aim of workplace exercises and active breaks

break the monotony and strength the immune system and muscles and nervous system

workplace exercises and active breaks

muscle stretches and eye exercises are common what do they counteract

the effects of static postures and repetitive movements

workplace exercises and active breaks BENEFITS

done

what does workplace exercises and active breaks prevent

prevents and treats muscle injuries

what does workplace exercises and active breaks reduce

• stress and fatigue

• workplace accidents

what does workplace exercises and active breaks improve/ enhance

improves productivity and efficiency

improves posture and neuromuscular awareness

enhances the work environment

what does workplace exercises and active breaks decrease

decreases absenteeism

types of movement during work

class I movements

only fingers move

types of movement during work

class II movements

fingers and wrists move

types of movement during work

class III movements

fingers, wrists and forearms move from the elbow

types of movement during work

class IV (4) movements

whole arm moves from the shoulder

types of movement during work

class V (5) movements

the arm moves with body rotation

types of movement during work

class VI (6) movements

occur when the dentist momentarily leaves their workstation

types of movement during work

what movements are not suitable for simplifying work

class IV ( whole arm moves from the shoulder)

class V (arm moves with body rotation)

types of movement during work

what movement requires interrupting the task and so leading to consequent disadvantages

class VI (6)

types of movement during work

what are the highest ergonomic movements as they do not distract the dentist

• class I

• class II

• class III

finger resting points

done

finger resting points

need to be firm but where should you be cautious

support on periodontal teeth

finger resting points

where should you be positioned when using the contra-angle

as close as possible to the tooth when using the contra angle

finger resting points

where should you be when using high-speed equipment

little further away

finger resting points

where should your fingers rest - which arch

on the working arch to the antagonist arch

finger resting points

tooth support is preferable to what

bone support

finger resting points

bone support is preferable to what

mucosal support

two-handed dentistry

how many people present

1

two-handed dentistry

why would we use two-handed dentistry

• minimise costs

• not being dependent on another

• leaving assistant free for other tasks

• difficulty finding qualified personnel

• professional wants to work alone

two-handed dentistry

• disadvantages (4)

1. increased workload

2. managing suction system

3. adjusting lighting focus

4. preparing instruments (contamination)

four-handed dentistry

how many people

2

what is the aim of four-handed dentistry

enable the dental team to perform high quality treatments on a greater number of patients in less time

four-handed dentistry

production can increase by

fatigue can decrease by

tension can decrease by

100%

50%

70%

four-handed dentistry

objectives (7)

1. increases effectiveness and efficiency

2. reduce physical and mental workload

3. maximise the dentists skills

4. maximise dentist time with the dental chair

5. enhance professional training for auxiliaries

6. improve patient comfort

7. enhances team member relationships

four-handed dentistry

what are the principles?

• posture control

• comprehensive utilization of auxiliary personnel

• simplification

• organisation

four-handed dentistry - posture control

dentist

why is there a need for this?

dentists used to stand and that caused unnatural spinal posture that caused many problems ( osteoarthrosis, cervical pain, spasms)

four-handed dentistry - posture control

what position should the dentist be in

BHOP - balanced human operating position

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

1. spinal column what ?

upright spinal column

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

2. thighs parallel to …?

thighs parallel to the horizontal plane with an angle of 45

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

3. legs …… to the floor

legs perpendicular to the floor

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

4. a …… relationship between the different elements

a 90 angle relationship between the different elements

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

5. feet what

feet fully supported on the ground

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

6. slightly …. flexion, between …

slightly cervical flexion between 15 and 25

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

7. where are the elbows

elbows close to the sides

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

8. where are the hands

at the level of the patient

four-handed dentistry - posture control - dentist

consists of

where is the patient positioned and the distance

centre of the support triangle formed by the dentists two knees and coccyx and 30cm from dentists eyes