AP World History Mega Review

Champa Rice

Vietnamese rice exported to China, leading to increased agricultural productivity and population growth.

Neo-Confucianism

A philosophical system adapted from Daoism and Buddhism that maintained Confucian ideals like filial piety and the civil service exam.

Delhi Sultanate

Ruling power in the Indian subcontinent from the 13th to the 16th century, facilitating cultural and technological exchanges.

House of Wisdom

An institution during the Golden Age of Islam that preserved, translated, and developed various fields of knowledge, influencing Europe.

Mali Empire

A prosperous West African empire, particularly notable during the reign of Mansa Musa, known for its wealth and pilgrimage to Mecca.

Feudalism

A socio-economic system in medieval Europe characterized by the exchange of land for military service and loyalty.

Silk Roads

A network of trade routes connecting Asia and Europe, facilitating the exchange of luxury goods and cultural communication.

Caravanserai

Inns along trade routes that provided safety and facilitated communication among merchants during the Pax Mongolica.

Zheng He

A Chinese admiral known for his maritime voyages across the Indian Ocean, enhancing trade and cultural exchanges.

Columbian Exchange

The widespread transfer of crops, animals, and technologies between the Americas and the Old World following Columbus's voyages.

Gunpowder Empires

Major empires that utilized gunpowder technology for military dominance, including the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires.

Sikhism

A faith founded in the Mughal Empire that blends elements of Hinduism and Islam, emphasizing equality and community service.

Opium Wars

Conflicts between Britain and China in the mid-19th century over trade disputes involving opium, leading to significant concessions for Britain.

Social Darwinism

The ideology justifying imperialism based on perceived racial superiority, claiming that 'civilized' nations had a duty to dominate 'less developed' ones.

Industrial Revolution

A period of technological advancement beginning in Great Britain that transformed economies, labor, and societal structures through industrialization.

Meiji Restoration

A period of rapid modernization and industrialization in Japan that marked its emergence as a powerful imperialist nation.

Twelver Shiism

Shia belief system central to the Safavid Empire, emphasizing the infallibility of the Imams as leaders.

Military Alliances

Agreements between nations to provide mutual support in the event of conflict, significantly shaping the political landscape leading to WWI.

Cold War

A period of geopolitical tension between the Soviet Union and the United States, marked by ideological conflict and a series of proxy wars.

Espionage

The practice of spying or using spies to obtain political or military information, notably illustrated by the KGB and CIA during the Cold War.