axial skeleton flashcards - a&p practical 1

frontal bone

makes up the forehead and upper part of eye sockets

supraorbital margin

superior rim of orbit (eyes)

supraorbital foramen (notch)

opening in the supraorbital margin for the supraorbital nerves & vessels

glabella

smooth area b/w the eyebrows

frontal sinus

cavity in frontal bone above eyes

parietal bone

top of the head

coronal suture

joins frontal & parietal bones

squamous suture

joins parietal & temporal bones

lambdoid suture

joins parietal & occipital bones

sagittal suture

occipital bone

back of head

external occipital protuberance

midline bump on the back of the skull

external occipital crest

midline ridge running from protuberance toward the foramen magnum

superior nuchal line

ridge extending laterally from protuberance (attachment for neck muscle)

inferior nuchal line

ridge below the superior nuchal line (attachment for neck muscle)

occipital condyle

articulates w/ C1 (atlas)

foramen magnum

large opening where the spinal cord leaves the skull

hypoglossal canal

for hypoglossal nerve; under occipital condyles (need to tilt to be visible)

temporal bone

sides of head

squamous region

thin, flat, platelike part of the temporal bone

zygomatic process

projects forward to help form zygomatic arch

mandibular fossa

articulates w/ mandibular condyle of the mandible

external acoustic meatus

ear canal opening

styloid process

slender spike below the ear canal

mastoid process

middle ear infection can spread here (mastoiditis), then to meninges (meningitis); sternocleidomastoid attaches here

jugular foramen

internal jugular vein, CN XI, CN X, CN IX

internal acoustic meatus

CN VIII , CN VII

foramen lacerum

jagged opening at base of the skull b/w the temporal, sphenoid and occipital bones

carotid canal

internal carotid artery

sphenoid bone

complex, butterfly-shaped bone located at the middle base of the skull

lesser wings

thin wings forming part of the anterior cranial floor and eyes

greater wings

large lateral wings forming part of the cranial floor and eyes

optic canal

optic nerve (CN II)

superior orbital fissure

CN III, CN IV, CN VI, ophthalmic branch of CN V

foramen rotundum

maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V)

foramen ovale

mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V)

foramen spinosum

smaller opening in the greater wing, posterior and lateral to foramen ovale

sella turcica

saddle-shaped depression; contains hypophyseal fossa

anterior clinoid processes

anterior projections of the sella turcica region

posterior clinoid processes

posterior projections flanking the sella turcica

tuberculum sellae

ridge forming the anterior edge of the sella turcica

dorsum sellae

ridge forming the posterior wall of the sella turcica

hypophyseal fossa

pituitary gland (hypophysis)

pterygoid processes

downward projections from the sphenoid; each has a lateral and medial plate

lateral plates (pterygoid)

_______ plate of the pterygoid process

medial plates (pterygoid)

______ plate of the pterygoid process

sphenoid body

central part of the sphenoid; houses the sphenoidal sinus

sphenoidal sinus

cavity within the sphenoid body

ethmoid bone