Cell Transport and Cell Energy Terms

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20 Terms

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selectively permeable

a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot

<p>a property of cell membranes that allows some substances to pass through, while others cannot</p>
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passive transport

the movement of materials through a membrane without the use energy

<p>the movement of materials through a membrane without the use energy</p>
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diffusion

the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

<p>the movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration</p>
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osmosis

the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a membrane

<p>the diffusion of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through a membrane</p>
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facilitated diffusion

process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels (proteins)

<p>process of diffusion in which molecules pass across the membrane through cell membrane channels (proteins)</p>
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active transport

The movement of materials through a membrane using energy - small molecules are moved from areas of low to high concentration, against the concentration gradient.

<p>The movement of materials through a membrane using energy - small molecules are moved from areas of low to high concentration, against the concentration gradient.</p>
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equilibrium

occurs when the concentration of particles are evenly distributed inside and outside of the cell

<p>occurs when the concentration of particles are evenly distributed inside and outside of the cell</p>
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concentration gradient

the measurement of substances inside or outside of the cell

<p>the measurement of substances inside or outside of the cell</p>
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photosynthesis

process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars

<p>process by which plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars</p>
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water

H20

<p>H20</p>
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carbon dioxide

CO₂

<p>CO₂</p>
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oxygen

O2

<p>O2</p>
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glucose

C6H12O6

<p>C6H12O6</p>
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reactants

substances that enter into a chemical reaction

<p>substances that enter into a chemical reaction</p>
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products

substances that are formed during a chemical reaction

<p>substances that are formed during a chemical reaction</p>
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ATP

adenosine triphosphate-energy molecule that cell organelles can use.

<p>adenosine triphosphate-energy molecule that cell organelles can use.</p>
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cellular respiration

the process by which cells use oxygen to produce ATP energy from food (glucose)

<p>the process by which cells use oxygen to produce ATP energy from food (glucose)</p>
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fermentation

Process by which cells produce energy without oxygen (also known as anaerobic respiration). This can produce lactic acid in our muscle cells, or CO2 + alcohol in yeast.


<p>Process by which cells produce energy without oxygen (also known as anaerobic respiration). This can produce lactic acid in our muscle cells, or CO2 + alcohol in yeast. </p><p></p>
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aerobic respiration

Respiration that requires oxygen (cellular respiration)

<p>Respiration that requires oxygen (cellular respiration)</p>
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anaerobic respiration

Respiration that does not require oxygen (fermentation)

<p>Respiration that does not require oxygen (fermentation)</p>